Fossil with Commonmark

            idxHashAdd(&rc, &hIdx, zSql, 0);
            if( rc ) goto find_indexes_out;
          }
          break;
        }
      }

      if( zDetail[0]!='-' ){
        pStmt->zEQP = idxAppendText(&rc, pStmt->zEQP, "%s\n", zDetail);
      }
    }

    for(pEntry=hIdx.pFirst; pEntry; pEntry=pEntry->pNext){
      pStmt->zIdx = idxAppendText(&rc, pStmt->zIdx, "%s;\n", pEntry->zKey);
    }

    idxFinalize(&rc, pExplain);

*/
int deduceDatabaseType(const char *zName, int dfltZip){
  FILE *f = fopen(zName, "rb");
  size_t n;
  int rc = SHELL_OPEN_UNSPEC;
  char zBuf[100];
  if( f==0 ){
    if( dfltZip && sqlite3_strlike("%.zip",zName,0)==0 ){
       return SHELL_OPEN_ZIPFILE;
    }else{
       return SHELL_OPEN_NORMAL;
    }
  }
  fseek(f, -25, SEEK_END);
  n = fread(zBuf, 25, 1, f);
  if( n==1 && memcmp(zBuf, "Start-Of-SQLite3-", 17)==0 ){
    rc = SHELL_OPEN_APPENDVFS;
  }else{
    fseek(f, -22, SEEK_END);
    n = fread(zBuf, 22, 1, f);
    if( n==1 && zBuf[0]==0x50 && zBuf[1]==0x4b && zBuf[2]==0x05
       && zBuf[3]==0x06 ){
      rc = SHELL_OPEN_ZIPFILE;
    }else if( n==0 && dfltZip && sqlite3_strlike("%.zip",zName,0)==0 ){
      rc = SHELL_OPEN_ZIPFILE;
    }
  }
  fclose(f);
  return rc;  
}

/* Flags for open_db().
**
** The default behavior of open_db() is to exit(1) if the database fails to
** open.  The OPEN_DB_KEEPALIVE flag changes that so that it prints an error
** but still returns without calling exit.
**
** The OPEN_DB_ZIPFILE flag causes open_db() to prefer to open files as a
** ZIP archive if the file does not exist or is empty and its name matches
** the *.zip pattern.
*/
#define OPEN_DB_KEEPALIVE   0x001   /* Return after error if true */
#define OPEN_DB_ZIPFILE     0x002   /* Open as ZIP if name matches *.zip */

/*
** Make sure the database is open.  If it is not, then open it.  If
** the database fails to open, print an error message and exit.
*/
static void open_db(ShellState *p, int openFlags){
  if( p->db==0 ){
    if( p->openMode==SHELL_OPEN_UNSPEC ){
      if( p->zDbFilename==0 || p->zDbFilename[0]==0 ){
        p->openMode = SHELL_OPEN_NORMAL;
      }else{
        p->openMode = (u8)deduceDatabaseType(p->zDbFilename, 
                             (openFlags & OPEN_DB_ZIPFILE)!=0);
      }
    }
    switch( p->openMode ){
      case SHELL_OPEN_APPENDVFS: {
        sqlite3_open_v2(p->zDbFilename, &p->db, 
           SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE|SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE, "apndvfs");
        break;

        break;
      }
    }
    globalDb = p->db;
    if( p->db==0 || SQLITE_OK!=sqlite3_errcode(p->db) ){
      utf8_printf(stderr,"Error: unable to open database \"%s\": %s\n",
          p->zDbFilename, sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
      if( openFlags & OPEN_DB_KEEPALIVE ) return;
      exit(1);
    }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION
    sqlite3_enable_load_extension(p->db, 1);
#endif
    sqlite3_fileio_init(p->db, 0, 0);
    sqlite3_shathree_init(p->db, 0, 0);

      char *zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
         "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE zip USING zipfile(%Q);", p->zDbFilename);
      sqlite3_exec(p->db, zSql, 0, 0, 0);
      sqlite3_free(zSql);
    }
  }
}

/*
** Attempt to close the databaes connection.  Report errors.
*/
void close_db(sqlite3 *db){
  int rc = sqlite3_close(db);
  if( rc ){
    utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: sqlite3_close() returns %d: %s\n",
        rc, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
  } 
}

#if HAVE_READLINE || HAVE_EDITLINE
/*
** Readline completion callbacks
*/
static char *readline_completion_generator(const char *text, int state){
  static sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;

    sqlite3_exec(p->db, "PRAGMA writable_schema=ON;", 0, 0, 0);
    sqlite3_exec(newDb, "BEGIN EXCLUSIVE;", 0, 0, 0);
    tryToCloneSchema(p, newDb, "type='table'", tryToCloneData);
    tryToCloneSchema(p, newDb, "type!='table'", 0);
    sqlite3_exec(newDb, "COMMIT;", 0, 0, 0);
    sqlite3_exec(p->db, "PRAGMA writable_schema=OFF;", 0, 0, 0);
  }
  close_db(newDb);
}

/*
** Change the output file back to stdout.
**
** If the p->doXdgOpen flag is set, that means the output was being
** redirected to a temporary file named by p->zTempFile.  In that case,

typedef struct ArCommand ArCommand;
struct ArCommand {
  u8 eCmd;                        /* An AR_CMD_* value */
  u8 bVerbose;                    /* True if --verbose */
  u8 bZip;                        /* True if the archive is a ZIP */
  u8 bDryRun;                     /* True if --dry-run */
  u8 bAppend;                     /* True if --append */
  u8 fromCmdLine;                 /* Run from -A instead of .archive */
  int nArg;                       /* Number of command arguments */
  char *zSrcTable;                /* "sqlar", "zipfile($file)" or "zip" */
  const char *zFile;              /* --file argument, or NULL */
  const char *zDir;               /* --directory argument, or NULL */
  char **azArg;                   /* Array of command arguments */
  ShellState *p;                  /* Shell state */
  sqlite3 *db;                    /* Database containing the archive */

  return SQLITE_ERROR;
}

/*
** Print an error message for the .ar command to stderr and return 
** SQLITE_ERROR.
*/
static int arErrorMsg(ArCommand *pAr, const char *zFmt, ...){
  va_list ap;
  char *z;
  va_start(ap, zFmt);
  z = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFmt, ap);
  va_end(ap);
  utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: %s\n", z);
  if( pAr->fromCmdLine ){
    utf8_printf(stderr, "Use \"-A\" for more help\n");
  }else{
    utf8_printf(stderr, "Use \".archive --help\" for more help\n");
  }
  sqlite3_free(z);
  return SQLITE_ERROR;
}

/*
** Values for ArCommand.eCmd.
*/

  switch( eSwitch ){
    case AR_CMD_CREATE:
    case AR_CMD_EXTRACT:
    case AR_CMD_LIST:
    case AR_CMD_UPDATE:
    case AR_CMD_HELP:
      if( pAr->eCmd ){
        return arErrorMsg(pAr, "multiple command options");
      }
      pAr->eCmd = eSwitch;
      break;

    case AR_SWITCH_DRYRUN:
      pAr->bDryRun = 1;
      break;

  int nSwitch = sizeof(aSwitch) / sizeof(struct ArSwitch);
  struct ArSwitch *pEnd = &aSwitch[nSwitch];

  if( nArg<=1 ){
    return arUsage(stderr);
  }else{
    char *z = azArg[1];


    if( z[0]!='-' ){
      /* Traditional style [tar] invocation */
      int i;
      int iArg = 2;
      for(i=0; z[i]; i++){
        const char *zArg = 0;
        struct ArSwitch *pOpt;
        for(pOpt=&aSwitch[0]; pOpt<pEnd; pOpt++){
          if( z[i]==pOpt->cShort ) break;
        }
        if( pOpt==pEnd ){
          return arErrorMsg(pAr, "unrecognized option: %c", z[i]);
        }
        if( pOpt->bArg ){
          if( iArg>=nArg ){
            return arErrorMsg(pAr, "option requires an argument: %c",z[i]);
          }
          zArg = azArg[iArg++];
        }
        if( arProcessSwitch(pAr, pOpt->eSwitch, zArg) ) return SQLITE_ERROR;
      }
      pAr->nArg = nArg-iArg;
      if( pAr->nArg>0 ){

          for(i=1; i<n; i++){
            const char *zArg = 0;
            struct ArSwitch *pOpt;
            for(pOpt=&aSwitch[0]; pOpt<pEnd; pOpt++){
              if( z[i]==pOpt->cShort ) break;
            }
            if( pOpt==pEnd ){
              return arErrorMsg(pAr, "unrecognized option: %c", z[i]);
            }
            if( pOpt->bArg ){
              if( i<(n-1) ){
                zArg = &z[i+1];
                i = n;
              }else{
                if( iArg>=(nArg-1) ){
                  return arErrorMsg(pAr, "option requires an argument: %c",z[i]);
                }
                zArg = azArg[++iArg];
              }
            }
            if( arProcessSwitch(pAr, pOpt->eSwitch, zArg) ) return SQLITE_ERROR;
          }
        }else if( z[2]=='\0' ){

          const char *zArg = 0;             /* Argument for option, if any */
          struct ArSwitch *pMatch = 0;      /* Matching option */
          struct ArSwitch *pOpt;            /* Iterator */
          for(pOpt=&aSwitch[0]; pOpt<pEnd; pOpt++){
            const char *zLong = pOpt->zLong;
            if( (n-2)<=strlen30(zLong) && 0==memcmp(&z[2], zLong, n-2) ){
              if( pMatch ){
                return arErrorMsg(pAr, "ambiguous option: %s",z);
              }else{
                pMatch = pOpt;
              }
            }
          }

          if( pMatch==0 ){
            return arErrorMsg(pAr, "unrecognized option: %s", z);
          }
          if( pMatch->bArg ){
            if( iArg>=(nArg-1) ){
              return arErrorMsg(pAr, "option requires an argument: %s", z);
            }
            zArg = azArg[++iArg];
          }
          if( arProcessSwitch(pAr, pMatch->eSwitch, zArg) ) return SQLITE_ERROR;
        }
      }
    }

        );
      }else{
        utf8_printf(pAr->p->out, "%s\n", sqlite3_column_text(pSql, 0));
      }
    }
  }
  shellFinalize(&rc, pSql);
  sqlite3_free(zWhere);
  return rc;
}


/*
** Implementation of .ar "eXtract" command. 
*/

}

/*
** Implementation of ".ar" dot command.
*/
static int arDotCommand(
  ShellState *pState,             /* Current shell tool state */
  int fromCmdLine,                /* True if -A command-line option, not .ar cmd */
  char **azArg,                   /* Array of arguments passed to dot command */
  int nArg                        /* Number of entries in azArg[] */
){
  ArCommand cmd;
  int rc;
  memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
  cmd.fromCmdLine = fromCmdLine;
  rc = arParseCommand(azArg, nArg, &cmd);
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    int eDbType = SHELL_OPEN_UNSPEC;
    cmd.p = pState;
    cmd.db = pState->db;
    if( cmd.zFile ){
      eDbType = deduceDatabaseType(cmd.zFile, 1);

      }
      sqlite3_fileio_init(cmd.db, 0, 0);
      sqlite3_sqlar_init(cmd.db, 0, 0);
      sqlite3_create_function(cmd.db, "shell_putsnl", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, cmd.p,
                              shellPutsFunc, 0, 0);

    }
    if( cmd.zSrcTable==0 && cmd.bZip==0 && cmd.eCmd!=AR_CMD_HELP ){
      if( cmd.eCmd!=AR_CMD_CREATE
       && sqlite3_table_column_metadata(cmd.db,0,"sqlar","name",0,0,0,0,0)
      ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "database does not contain an 'sqlar' table\n");
        rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
        goto end_ar_command;
      }

        assert( cmd.eCmd==AR_CMD_UPDATE );
        rc = arCreateOrUpdateCommand(&cmd, 1);
        break;
    }
  }
end_ar_command:
  if( cmd.db!=pState->db ){
    close_db(cmd.db);
  }
  sqlite3_free(cmd.zSrcTable);

  return rc;
}
/* End of the ".archive" or ".ar" command logic
**********************************************************************************/

    }
  }else
#endif

#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && defined(SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB)
  if( c=='a' && strncmp(azArg[0], "archive", n)==0 ){
    open_db(p, 0);
    rc = arDotCommand(p, 0, azArg, nArg);
  }else
#endif

  if( (c=='b' && n>=3 && strncmp(azArg[0], "backup", n)==0)
   || (c=='s' && n>=3 && strncmp(azArg[0], "save", n)==0)
  ){
    const char *zDestFile = 0;

      return 1;
    }
    if( zDb==0 ) zDb = "main";
    rc = sqlite3_open_v2(zDestFile, &pDest, 
                  SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE|SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE, zVfs);
    if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
      utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: cannot open \"%s\"\n", zDestFile);
      close_db(pDest);
      return 1;
    }
    open_db(p, 0);
    pBackup = sqlite3_backup_init(pDest, "main", p->db, zDb);
    if( pBackup==0 ){
      utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(pDest));
      close_db(pDest);
      return 1;
    }
    while(  (rc = sqlite3_backup_step(pBackup,100))==SQLITE_OK ){}
    sqlite3_backup_finish(pBackup);
    if( rc==SQLITE_DONE ){
      rc = 0;
    }else{
      utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(pDest));
      rc = 1;
    }
    close_db(pDest);
  }else

  if( c=='b' && n>=3 && strncmp(azArg[0], "bail", n)==0 ){
    if( nArg==2 ){
      bail_on_error = booleanValue(azArg[1]);
    }else{
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .bail on|off\n");

  if( c=='o' && strncmp(azArg[0], "open", n)==0 && n>=2 ){
    char *zNewFilename;  /* Name of the database file to open */
    int iName = 1;       /* Index in azArg[] of the filename */
    int newFlag = 0;     /* True to delete file before opening */
    /* Close the existing database */
    session_close_all(p);
    close_db(p->db);
    p->db = 0;
    p->zDbFilename = 0;
    sqlite3_free(p->zFreeOnClose);
    p->zFreeOnClose = 0;
    p->openMode = SHELL_OPEN_UNSPEC;
    /* Check for command-line arguments */
    for(iName=1; iName<nArg && azArg[iName][0]=='-'; iName++){

      }
    }
    /* If a filename is specified, try to open it first */
    zNewFilename = nArg>iName ? sqlite3_mprintf("%s", azArg[iName]) : 0;
    if( zNewFilename ){
      if( newFlag ) shellDeleteFile(zNewFilename);
      p->zDbFilename = zNewFilename;
      open_db(p, OPEN_DB_KEEPALIVE);
      if( p->db==0 ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: cannot open '%s'\n", zNewFilename);
        sqlite3_free(zNewFilename);
      }else{
        p->zFreeOnClose = zNewFilename;
      }
    }

      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .restore ?DB? FILE\n");
      rc = 1;
      goto meta_command_exit;
    }
    rc = sqlite3_open(zSrcFile, &pSrc);
    if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
      utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: cannot open \"%s\"\n", zSrcFile);
      close_db(pSrc);
      return 1;
    }
    open_db(p, 0);
    pBackup = sqlite3_backup_init(p->db, zDb, pSrc, "main");
    if( pBackup==0 ){
      utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
      close_db(pSrc);
      return 1;
    }
    while( (rc = sqlite3_backup_step(pBackup,100))==SQLITE_OK
          || rc==SQLITE_BUSY  ){
      if( rc==SQLITE_BUSY ){
        if( nTimeout++ >= 3 ) break;
        sqlite3_sleep(100);
      }
    }
    sqlite3_backup_finish(pBackup);
    if( rc==SQLITE_DONE ){
      rc = 0;
    }else if( rc==SQLITE_BUSY || rc==SQLITE_LOCKED ){
      raw_printf(stderr, "Error: source database is busy\n");
      rc = 1;
    }else{
      utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
      rc = 1;
    }
    close_db(pSrc);
  }else

  if( c=='s' && strncmp(azArg[0], "scanstats", n)==0 ){
    if( nArg==2 ){
      p->scanstatsOn = (u8)booleanValue(azArg[1]);
#ifndef SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS
      raw_printf(stderr, "Warning: .scanstats not available in this build.\n");

    char **azResult;
    int nRow, nAlloc;
    int ii;
    ShellText s;
    initText(&s);
    open_db(p, 0);
    rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, "PRAGMA database_list", -1, &pStmt, 0);
    if( rc ){
      sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
      return shellDatabaseError(p->db);
    }

    if( nArg>2 && c=='i' ){
      /* It is an historical accident that the .indexes command shows an error
      ** when called with the wrong number of arguments whereas the .tables
      ** command does not. */
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .indexes ?LIKE-PATTERN?\n");
      rc = 1;
      sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
      goto meta_command_exit;
    }
    for(ii=0; sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW; ii++){
      const char *zDbName = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 1);
      if( zDbName==0 ) continue;
      if( s.z && s.z[0] ) appendText(&s, " UNION ALL ", 0);
      if( sqlite3_stricmp(zDbName, "main")==0 ){

  int i;
  int rc = 0;
  int warnInmemoryDb = 0;
  int readStdin = 1;
  int nCmd = 0;
  char **azCmd = 0;
  const char *zVfs = 0;           /* Value of -vfs command-line option */
#if !SQLITE_SHELL_IS_UTF8
  char **argvToFree = 0;
  int argcToFree = 0;
#endif

  setBinaryMode(stdin, 0);
  setvbuf(stderr, 0, _IONBF, 0); /* Make sure stderr is unbuffered */
  stdin_is_interactive = isatty(0);
  stdout_is_console = isatty(1);

#if USE_SYSTEM_SQLITE+0!=1

  ** The SQLite memory allocator subsystem has to be enabled in order to
  ** do this.  But we want to run an sqlite3_shutdown() afterwards so that
  ** subsequent sqlite3_config() calls will work.  So copy all results into
  ** memory that does not come from the SQLite memory allocator.
  */
#if !SQLITE_SHELL_IS_UTF8
  sqlite3_initialize();
  argvToFree = malloc(sizeof(argv[0])*argc*2);
  argcToFree = argc;
  argv = argvToFree + argc;
  if( argv==0 ) shell_out_of_memory();
  for(i=0; i<argc; i++){
    char *z = sqlite3_win32_unicode_to_utf8(wargv[i]);
    int n;
    if( z==0 ) shell_out_of_memory();
    n = (int)strlen(z);
    argv[i] = malloc( n+1 );
    if( argv[i]==0 ) shell_out_of_memory();
    memcpy(argv[i], z, n+1);
    argvToFree[i] = argv[i];
    sqlite3_free(z);
  }
  sqlite3_shutdown();
#endif

  assert( argc>=1 && argv && argv[0] );
  Argv0 = argv[0];

#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && defined(SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB)
    }else if( strncmp(z, "-A", 2)==0 ){
      if( nCmd>0 ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: cannot mix regular SQL or dot-commands"
                            " with \"%s\"\n", z);
        return 1;
      }
      open_db(&data, OPEN_DB_ZIPFILE);
      if( z[2] ){
        argv[i] = &z[2];
        arDotCommand(&data, 1, argv+(i-1), argc-(i-1));
      }else{
        arDotCommand(&data, 1, argv+i, argc-i);
      }
      readStdin = 0;
      break;
#endif
    }else{
      utf8_printf(stderr,"%s: Error: unknown option: %s\n", Argv0, z);
      raw_printf(stderr,"Use -help for a list of options.\n");

    }else{
      rc = process_input(&data, stdin);
    }
  }
  set_table_name(&data, 0);
  if( data.db ){
    session_close_all(&data);
    close_db(data.db);
  }
  sqlite3_free(data.zFreeOnClose);
  find_home_dir(1);
  output_reset(&data);
  data.doXdgOpen = 0;
  clearTempFile(&data);
#if !SQLITE_SHELL_IS_UTF8
  for(i=0; i<argcToFree; i++) free(argvToFree[i]);
  free(argvToFree);
#endif
  /* Clear the global data structure so that valgrind will detect memory
  ** leaks */
  memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
  return rc;
}

**
** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()],
** [sqlite3_libversion_number()], [sqlite3_sourceid()],
** [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
*/
#define SQLITE_VERSION        "3.24.0"
#define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER 3024000
#define SQLITE_SOURCE_ID      "2018-05-30 01:14:20 86ee267ee86f5264774a9f215b1158aeaa2d605e77c205731b5ee3945d7de4c2"

/*
** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers
** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version sqlite3_sourceid
**
** These interfaces provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION],
** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER], and [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macros

#define SQLITE_IOERR_CONVPATH          (SQLITE_IOERR | (26<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_VNODE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (27<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_AUTH              (SQLITE_IOERR | (28<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_BEGIN_ATOMIC      (SQLITE_IOERR | (29<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_COMMIT_ATOMIC     (SQLITE_IOERR | (30<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC   (SQLITE_IOERR | (31<<8))
#define SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE      (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (1<<8))
#define SQLITE_LOCKED_VTAB             (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (2<<8))
#define SQLITE_BUSY_RECOVERY           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (1<<8))
#define SQLITE_BUSY_SNAPSHOT           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (2<<8))
#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_NOTEMPDIR      (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (1<<8))
#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_ISDIR          (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (2<<8))
#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (3<<8))
#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_CONVPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (4<<8))
#define SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB            (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (1<<8))
#define SQLITE_CORRUPT_SEQUENCE        (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (2<<8))
#define SQLITE_READONLY_RECOVERY       (SQLITE_READONLY | (1<<8))
#define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTLOCK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (2<<8))
#define SQLITE_READONLY_ROLLBACK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (3<<8))
#define SQLITE_READONLY_DBMOVED        (SQLITE_READONLY | (4<<8))
#define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTINIT       (SQLITE_READONLY | (5<<8))
#define SQLITE_READONLY_DIRECTORY      (SQLITE_READONLY | (6<<8))
#define SQLITE_ABORT_ROLLBACK          (SQLITE_ABORT | (2<<8))

  int idxFlags;              /* Mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags */
  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.10.0 and later */
  sqlite3_uint64 colUsed;    /* Input: Mask of columns used by statement */
};

/*
** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Scan Flags
**
** Virtual table implementations are allowed to set the 
** [sqlite3_index_info].idxFlags field to some combination of
** these bits.
*/
#define SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE      1     /* Scan visits at most 1 row */

/*
** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Constraint Operator Codes
**
** These macros defined the allowed values for the

typedef struct sqlite3_str sqlite3_str;

/*
** CAPI3REF: Create A New Dynamic String Object
** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_str
**
** ^The [sqlite3_str_new(D)] interface allocates and initializes


** a new [sqlite3_str] object.  To avoid memory leaks, the object returned by
** [sqlite3_str_new()] must be freed by a subsequent call to 
** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)].
**
** ^The [sqlite3_str_new(D)] interface always returns a pointer to a
** valid [sqlite3_str] object, though in the event of an out-of-memory
** error the returned object might be a special singleton that will
** silently reject new text, always return SQLITE_NOMEM from 
** [sqlite3_str_errcode()], always return 0 for 
** [sqlite3_str_length()], and always return NULL from
** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)].  It is always safe to use the value
** returned by [sqlite3_str_new(D)] as the sqlite3_str parameter
** to any of the other [sqlite3_str] methods.
**
** The D parameter to [sqlite3_str_new(D)] may be NULL.  If the
** D parameter in [sqlite3_str_new(D)] is not NULL, then the maximum
** length of the string contained in the [sqlite3_str] object will be
** the value set for [sqlite3_limit](D,[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) instead
** of [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH].
*/

/*
** CAPI3REF: Determine If Virtual Table Column Access Is For UPDATE
**
** If the sqlite3_vtab_nochange(X) routine is called within the [xColumn]
** method of a [virtual table], then it returns true if and only if the
** column is being fetched as part of an UPDATE operation during which the
** column value will not change.  Applications might use this to substitute
** a return value that is less expensive to compute and that the corresponding
** [xUpdate] method understands as a "no-change" value.
**
** If the [xColumn] method calls sqlite3_vtab_nochange() and finds that
** the column is not changed by the UPDATE statement, then the xColumn
** method can optionally return without setting a result, without calling
** any of the [sqlite3_result_int|sqlite3_result_xxxxx() interfaces].
** In that case, [sqlite3_value_nochange(X)] will return true for the
** same column in the [xUpdate] method.
*/
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vtab_nochange(sqlite3_context*);

#define OP_Function0     164 /* synopsis: r[P3]=func(r[P2@P5])             */
#define OP_PureFunc      165
#define OP_Function      166 /* synopsis: r[P3]=func(r[P2@P5])             */
#define OP_Trace         167
#define OP_CursorHint    168
#define OP_Noop          169
#define OP_Explain       170
#define OP_Abortable     171

/* Properties such as "out2" or "jump" that are specified in
** comments following the "case" for each opcode in the vdbe.c
** are encoded into bitvectors as follows:
*/
#define OPFLG_JUMP        0x01  /* jump:  P2 holds jmp target */
#define OPFLG_IN1         0x02  /* in1:   P1 is an input */

/* 112 */ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00,\
/* 120 */ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00,\
/* 128 */ 0x04, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x00,\
/* 136 */ 0x00, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,\
/* 144 */ 0x00, 0x06, 0x10, 0x00, 0x04, 0x1a, 0x00, 0x00,\
/* 152 */ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,\
/* 160 */ 0x00, 0x10, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,\
/* 168 */ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,}

/* The sqlite3P2Values() routine is able to run faster if it knows
** the value of the largest JUMP opcode.  The smaller the maximum
** JUMP opcode the better, so the mkopcodeh.tcl script that
** generated this include file strives to group all JUMP opcodes
** together near the beginning of the list.
*/

#if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) && !defined(SQLITE_TEST_REALLOC_STRESS)
SQLITE_PRIVATE   void sqlite3VdbeVerifyNoMallocRequired(Vdbe *p, int N);
SQLITE_PRIVATE   void sqlite3VdbeVerifyNoResultRow(Vdbe *p);
#else
# define sqlite3VdbeVerifyNoMallocRequired(A,B)
# define sqlite3VdbeVerifyNoResultRow(A)
#endif
#if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
SQLITE_PRIVATE   void sqlite3VdbeVerifyAbortable(Vdbe *p, int);
#else
# define sqlite3VdbeVerifyAbortable(A,B)
#endif
SQLITE_PRIVATE VdbeOp *sqlite3VdbeAddOpList(Vdbe*, int nOp, VdbeOpList const *aOp,int iLineno);
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN
SQLITE_PRIVATE   void sqlite3VdbeExplain(Parse*,u8,const char*,...);
SQLITE_PRIVATE   void sqlite3VdbeExplainPop(Parse*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE   int sqlite3VdbeExplainParent(Parse*);
# define ExplainQueryPlan(P)        sqlite3VdbeExplain P
# define ExplainQueryPlanPop(P)     sqlite3VdbeExplainPop(P)

SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3KeyInfoIsWriteable(KeyInfo*);
#endif
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3CreateFunc(sqlite3 *, const char *, int, int, void *,
  void (*)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value **),
  void (*)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value **), void (*)(sqlite3_context*),
  FuncDestructor *pDestructor
);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3NoopDestructor(void*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3OomFault(sqlite3*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3OomClear(sqlite3*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3ApiExit(sqlite3 *db, int);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3OpenTempDatabase(Parse *);

SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3StrAccumInit(StrAccum*, sqlite3*, char*, int, int);
SQLITE_PRIVATE char *sqlite3StrAccumFinish(StrAccum*);

SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3VtabArgInit(Parse*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3VtabArgExtend(Parse*, Token*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3VtabCallCreate(sqlite3*, int, const char *, char **);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3VtabCallConnect(Parse*, Table*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3VtabCallDestroy(sqlite3*, int, const char *);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3VtabBegin(sqlite3 *, VTable *);
SQLITE_PRIVATE FuncDef *sqlite3VtabOverloadFunction(sqlite3 *,FuncDef*, int nArg, Expr*);

SQLITE_PRIVATE sqlite3_int64 sqlite3StmtCurrentTime(sqlite3_context*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3VdbeParameterIndex(Vdbe*, const char*, int);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3TransferBindings(sqlite3_stmt *, sqlite3_stmt *);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3ParserReset(Parse*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3Reprepare(Vdbe*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3ExprListCheckLength(Parse*, ExprList*, const char*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE CollSeq *sqlite3BinaryCompareCollSeq(Parse *, Expr *, Expr *);

  VList *pVList;          /* Name of variables */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE
  i64 startTime;          /* Time when query started - used for profiling */
#endif
  int nOp;                /* Number of instructions in the program */
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
  int rcApp;              /* errcode set by sqlite3_result_error_code() */
  u32 nWrite;             /* Number of write operations that have occurred */
#endif
  u16 nResColumn;         /* Number of columns in one row of the result set */
  u8 errorAction;         /* Recovery action to do in case of an error */
  u8 minWriteFileFormat;  /* Minimum file format for writable database files */
  u8 prepFlags;           /* SQLITE_PREPARE_* flags */
  bft expired:1;          /* True if the VM needs to be recompiled */
  bft doingRerun:1;       /* True if rerunning after an auto-reprepare */

SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3VdbeSorterReset(sqlite3 *, VdbeSorter *);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3VdbeSorterClose(sqlite3 *, VdbeCursor *);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3VdbeSorterRowkey(const VdbeCursor *, Mem *);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3VdbeSorterNext(sqlite3 *, const VdbeCursor *);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3VdbeSorterRewind(const VdbeCursor *, int *);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3VdbeSorterWrite(const VdbeCursor *, Mem *);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3VdbeSorterCompare(const VdbeCursor *, Mem *, int, int *);

#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
SQLITE_PRIVATE   void sqlite3VdbeIncrWriteCounter(Vdbe*, VdbeCursor*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE   void sqlite3VdbeAssertAbortable(Vdbe*);
#else
# define sqlite3VdbeIncrWriteCounter(V,C)
# define sqlite3VdbeAssertAbortable(V)
#endif

#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE) 
SQLITE_PRIVATE   void sqlite3VdbeEnter(Vdbe*);
#else
# define sqlite3VdbeEnter(X)
#endif

    p->zText[p->nChar] = 0;
    if( p->mxAlloc>0 && !isMalloced(p) ){
      return strAccumFinishRealloc(p);
    }
  }
  return p->zText;
}

/*
** This singleton is an sqlite3_str object that is returned if
** sqlite3_malloc() fails to provide space for a real one.  This
** sqlite3_str object accepts no new text and always returns
** an SQLITE_NOMEM error.
*/
static sqlite3_str sqlite3OomStr = {
   0, 0, 0, 0, 0, SQLITE_NOMEM, 0
};

/* Finalize a string created using sqlite3_str_new().
*/
SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_str_finish(sqlite3_str *p){
  char *z;
  if( p!=0 && p!=&sqlite3OomStr ){
    z = sqlite3StrAccumFinish(p);
    sqlite3_free(p);
  }else{
    z = 0;
  }
  return z;
}

/* Allocate and initialize a new dynamic string object */
SQLITE_API sqlite3_str *sqlite3_str_new(sqlite3 *db){
  sqlite3_str *p = sqlite3_malloc64(sizeof(*p));
  if( p ){
    sqlite3StrAccumInit(p, 0, 0, 0,
            db ? db->aLimit[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH] : SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH);
  }else{
    p = &sqlite3OomStr;
  }
  return p;
}

/*
** Print into memory obtained from sqliteMalloc().  Use the internal
** %-conversion extensions.

    /* 164 */ "Function0"        OpHelp("r[P3]=func(r[P2@P5])"),
    /* 165 */ "PureFunc"         OpHelp(""),
    /* 166 */ "Function"         OpHelp("r[P3]=func(r[P2@P5])"),
    /* 167 */ "Trace"            OpHelp(""),
    /* 168 */ "CursorHint"       OpHelp(""),
    /* 169 */ "Noop"             OpHelp(""),
    /* 170 */ "Explain"          OpHelp(""),
    /* 171 */ "Abortable"        OpHelp(""),
  };
  return azName[i];
}
#endif

/************** End of opcodes.c *********************************************/
/************** Begin file os_unix.c *****************************************/

  }else{
    pMem->u.i = val;
    pMem->flags = MEM_Int;
  }
}

/* A no-op destructor */
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3NoopDestructor(void *p){ UNUSED_PARAMETER(p); }

/*
** Set the value stored in *pMem should already be a NULL.
** Also store a pointer to go with it.
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3VdbeMemSetPointer(
  Mem *pMem,

  ** true for this case to prevent the assert() in the callers frame
  ** from failing.  */
  return ( v->db->mallocFailed || hasAbort==mayAbort || hasFkCounter
              || (hasCreateTable && hasInitCoroutine) );
}
#endif /* SQLITE_DEBUG - the sqlite3AssertMayAbort() function */

#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
/*
** Increment the nWrite counter in the VDBE if the cursor is not an
** ephemeral cursor, or if the cursor argument is NULL.
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3VdbeIncrWriteCounter(Vdbe *p, VdbeCursor *pC){
  if( pC==0
   || (pC->eCurType!=CURTYPE_SORTER
       && pC->eCurType!=CURTYPE_PSEUDO
       && !pC->isEphemeral)
  ){
    p->nWrite++;
  }
}
#endif

#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
/*
** Assert if an Abort at this point in time might result in a corrupt
** database.
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3VdbeAssertAbortable(Vdbe *p){
  assert( p->nWrite==0 || p->usesStmtJournal );
}
#endif

/*
** This routine is called after all opcodes have been inserted.  It loops
** through all the opcodes and fixes up some details.
**
** (1) For each jump instruction with a negative P2 value (a label)
**     resolve the P2 value to an actual address.
**

  int i;
  for(i=0; i<p->nOp; i++){
    assert( p->aOp[i].opcode!=OP_ResultRow );
  }
}
#endif

/*
** Generate code (a single OP_Abortable opcode) that will
** verify that the VDBE program can safely call Abort in the current
** context.
*/
#if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3VdbeVerifyAbortable(Vdbe *p, int onError){
  if( onError==OE_Abort ) sqlite3VdbeAddOp0(p, OP_Abortable);
}
#endif

/*
** This function returns a pointer to the array of opcodes associated with
** the Vdbe passed as the first argument. It is the callers responsibility
** to arrange for the returned array to be eventually freed using the 
** vdbeFreeOpArray() function.
**
** Before returning, *pnOp is set to the number of entries in the returned

  if( p->aMem ){
    for(i=0; i<p->nMem; i++) assert( p->aMem[i].flags==MEM_Undefined );
  }
#endif
  sqlite3DbFree(db, p->zErrMsg);
  p->zErrMsg = 0;
  p->pResultSet = 0;
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
  p->nWrite = 0;
#endif

  /* Save profiling information from this VDBE run.
  */
#ifdef VDBE_PROFILE
  {
    FILE *out = fopen("vdbe_profile.out", "a");
    if( out ){

    if( x<r ) return -1;
    if( x>r ) return +1;
    return 0;
  }else{
    i64 y;
    double s;
    if( r<-9223372036854775808.0 ) return +1;
    if( r>=9223372036854775808.0 ) return -1;
    y = (i64)r;
    if( i<y ) return -1;
    if( i>y ) return +1;



    s = (double)i;
    if( s<r ) return -1;
    if( s>r ) return +1;
    return 0;
  }
}

  if( *piTime==0 ){
    rc = sqlite3OsCurrentTimeInt64(p->pOut->db->pVfs, piTime);
    if( rc ) *piTime = 0;
  }
  return *piTime;
}























/*
** Create a new aggregate context for p and return a pointer to
** its pMem->z element.
*/
static SQLITE_NOINLINE void *createAggContext(sqlite3_context *p, int nByte){
  Mem *pMem = p->pMem;
  assert( (pMem->flags & MEM_Agg)==0 );

** Check the value in register P3.  If it is NULL then Halt using
** parameter P1, P2, and P4 as if this were a Halt instruction.  If the
** value in register P3 is not NULL, then this routine is a no-op.
** The P5 parameter should be 1.
*/
case OP_HaltIfNull: {      /* in3 */
  pIn3 = &aMem[pOp->p3];
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
  if( pOp->p2==OE_Abort ){ sqlite3VdbeAssertAbortable(p); }
#endif
  if( (pIn3->flags & MEM_Null)==0 ) break;
  /* Fall through into OP_Halt */
}

/* Opcode:  Halt P1 P2 * P4 P5
**
** Exit immediately.  All open cursors, etc are closed

** is the same as executing Halt.
*/
case OP_Halt: {
  VdbeFrame *pFrame;
  int pcx;

  pcx = (int)(pOp - aOp);
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
  if( pOp->p2==OE_Abort ){ sqlite3VdbeAssertAbortable(p); }
#endif
  if( pOp->p1==SQLITE_OK && p->pFrame ){
    /* Halt the sub-program. Return control to the parent frame. */
    pFrame = p->pFrame;
    p->pFrame = pFrame->pParent;
    p->nFrame--;
    sqlite3VdbeSetChanges(db, p->nChange);
    pcx = sqlite3VdbeFrameRestore(pFrame);

** size, and so forth.  P1==0 is the main database file and P1==1 is the 
** database file used to store temporary tables.
**
** A transaction must be started before executing this opcode.
*/
case OP_SetCookie: {
  Db *pDb;

  sqlite3VdbeIncrWriteCounter(p, 0);
  assert( pOp->p2<SQLITE_N_BTREE_META );
  assert( pOp->p1>=0 && pOp->p1<db->nDb );
  assert( DbMaskTest(p->btreeMask, pOp->p1) );
  assert( p->readOnly==0 );
  pDb = &db->aDb[pOp->p1];
  assert( pDb->pBt!=0 );
  assert( sqlite3SchemaMutexHeld(db, pOp->p1, 0) );

  VdbeFrame *pFrame;     /* Root frame of VDBE */

  v = 0;
  res = 0;
  pOut = out2Prerelease(p, pOp);
  assert( pOp->p1>=0 && pOp->p1<p->nCursor );
  pC = p->apCsr[pOp->p1];




  assert( pC!=0 );
  assert( pC->isTable );
  assert( pC->eCurType==CURTYPE_BTREE );
  assert( pC->uc.pCursor!=0 );
  {
    /* The next rowid or record number (different terms for the same
    ** thing) is obtained in a two-step algorithm.
    **
    ** First we attempt to find the largest existing rowid and add one

  pC = p->apCsr[pOp->p1];
  assert( pC!=0 );
  assert( pC->eCurType==CURTYPE_BTREE );
  assert( pC->uc.pCursor!=0 );
  assert( (pOp->p5 & OPFLAG_ISNOOP) || pC->isTable );
  assert( pOp->p4type==P4_TABLE || pOp->p4type>=P4_STATIC );
  REGISTER_TRACE(pOp->p2, pData);
  sqlite3VdbeIncrWriteCounter(p, pC);

  if( pOp->opcode==OP_Insert ){
    pKey = &aMem[pOp->p3];
    assert( pKey->flags & MEM_Int );
    assert( memIsValid(pKey) );
    REGISTER_TRACE(pOp->p3, pKey);
    x.nKey = pKey->u.i;

  opflags = pOp->p2;
  assert( pOp->p1>=0 && pOp->p1<p->nCursor );
  pC = p->apCsr[pOp->p1];
  assert( pC!=0 );
  assert( pC->eCurType==CURTYPE_BTREE );
  assert( pC->uc.pCursor!=0 );
  assert( pC->deferredMoveto==0 );
  sqlite3VdbeIncrWriteCounter(p, pC);

#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
  if( pOp->p4type==P4_TABLE && HasRowid(pOp->p4.pTab) && pOp->p5==0 ){
    /* If p5 is zero, the seek operation that positioned the cursor prior to
    ** OP_Delete will have also set the pC->movetoTarget field to the rowid of
    ** the row that is being deleted */
    i64 iKey = sqlite3BtreeIntegerKey(pC->uc.pCursor);

case OP_SorterInsert:       /* in2 */
case OP_IdxInsert: {        /* in2 */
  VdbeCursor *pC;
  BtreePayload x;

  assert( pOp->p1>=0 && pOp->p1<p->nCursor );
  pC = p->apCsr[pOp->p1];
  sqlite3VdbeIncrWriteCounter(p, pC);
  assert( pC!=0 );
  assert( isSorter(pC)==(pOp->opcode==OP_SorterInsert) );
  pIn2 = &aMem[pOp->p2];
  assert( pIn2->flags & MEM_Blob );
  if( pOp->p5 & OPFLAG_NCHANGE ) p->nChange++;
  assert( pC->eCurType==CURTYPE_BTREE || pOp->opcode==OP_SorterInsert );
  assert( pC->isTable==0 );

  assert( pOp->p3>0 );
  assert( pOp->p2>0 && pOp->p2+pOp->p3<=(p->nMem+1 - p->nCursor)+1 );
  assert( pOp->p1>=0 && pOp->p1<p->nCursor );
  pC = p->apCsr[pOp->p1];
  assert( pC!=0 );
  assert( pC->eCurType==CURTYPE_BTREE );
  sqlite3VdbeIncrWriteCounter(p, pC);
  pCrsr = pC->uc.pCursor;
  assert( pCrsr!=0 );
  assert( pOp->p5==0 );
  r.pKeyInfo = pC->pKeyInfo;
  r.nField = (u16)pOp->p3;
  r.default_rc = 0;
  r.aMem = &aMem[pOp->p2];

**
** See also: Clear
*/
case OP_Destroy: {     /* out2 */
  int iMoved;
  int iDb;

  sqlite3VdbeIncrWriteCounter(p, 0);
  assert( p->readOnly==0 );
  assert( pOp->p1>1 );
  pOut = out2Prerelease(p, pOp);
  pOut->flags = MEM_Null;
  if( db->nVdbeRead > db->nVDestroy+1 ){
    rc = SQLITE_LOCKED;
    p->errorAction = OE_Abort;

** also incremented by the number of rows in the table being cleared.
**
** See also: Destroy
*/
case OP_Clear: {
  int nChange;
 
  sqlite3VdbeIncrWriteCounter(p, 0);
  nChange = 0;
  assert( p->readOnly==0 );
  assert( DbMaskTest(p->btreeMask, pOp->p2) );
  rc = sqlite3BtreeClearTable(
      db->aDb[pOp->p2].pBt, pOp->p1, (pOp->p3 ? &nChange : 0)
  );
  if( pOp->p3 ){

** it must be 2 (BTREE_BLOBKEY) for a index or WITHOUT ROWID table.
** The root page number of the new b-tree is stored in register P2.
*/
case OP_CreateBtree: {          /* out2 */
  int pgno;
  Db *pDb;

  sqlite3VdbeIncrWriteCounter(p, 0);
  pOut = out2Prerelease(p, pOp);
  pgno = 0;
  assert( pOp->p3==BTREE_INTKEY || pOp->p3==BTREE_BLOBKEY );
  assert( pOp->p1>=0 && pOp->p1<db->nDb );
  assert( DbMaskTest(p->btreeMask, pOp->p1) );
  assert( p->readOnly==0 );
  pDb = &db->aDb[pOp->p1];
  assert( pDb->pBt!=0 );
  rc = sqlite3BtreeCreateTable(pDb->pBt, &pgno, pOp->p3);
  if( rc ) goto abort_due_to_error;
  pOut->u.i = pgno;
  break;
}

/* Opcode: SqlExec * * * P4 *
**
** Run the SQL statement or statements specified in the P4 string.
*/
case OP_SqlExec: {
  sqlite3VdbeIncrWriteCounter(p, 0);
  db->nSqlExec++;
  rc = sqlite3_exec(db, pOp->p4.z, 0, 0, 0);
  db->nSqlExec--;
  if( rc ) goto abort_due_to_error;
  break;
}

** Remove the internal (in-memory) data structures that describe
** the table named P4 in database P1.  This is called after a table
** is dropped from disk (using the Destroy opcode) in order to keep 
** the internal representation of the
** schema consistent with what is on disk.
*/
case OP_DropTable: {
  sqlite3VdbeIncrWriteCounter(p, 0);
  sqlite3UnlinkAndDeleteTable(db, pOp->p1, pOp->p4.z);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: DropIndex P1 * * P4 *
**
** Remove the internal (in-memory) data structures that describe
** the index named P4 in database P1.  This is called after an index
** is dropped from disk (using the Destroy opcode)
** in order to keep the internal representation of the
** schema consistent with what is on disk.
*/
case OP_DropIndex: {
  sqlite3VdbeIncrWriteCounter(p, 0);
  sqlite3UnlinkAndDeleteIndex(db, pOp->p1, pOp->p4.z);
  break;
}

/* Opcode: DropTrigger P1 * * P4 *
**
** Remove the internal (in-memory) data structures that describe
** the trigger named P4 in database P1.  This is called after a trigger
** is dropped from disk (using the Destroy opcode) in order to keep 
** the internal representation of the
** schema consistent with what is on disk.
*/
case OP_DropTrigger: {
  sqlite3VdbeIncrWriteCounter(p, 0);
  sqlite3UnlinkAndDeleteTrigger(db, pOp->p1, pOp->p4.z);
  break;
}


#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_INTEGRITY_CHECK
/* Opcode: IntegrityCk P1 P2 P3 P4 P5

**
** Store in register P3 the value of the P2-th column of
** the current row of the virtual-table of cursor P1.
**
** If the VColumn opcode is being used to fetch the value of
** an unchanging column during an UPDATE operation, then the P5
** value is 1.  Otherwise, P5 is 0.  The P5 value is returned
** by sqlite3_vtab_nochange() routine and can be used
** by virtual table implementations to return special "no-change"
** marks which can be more efficient, depending on the virtual table.
*/
case OP_VColumn: {
  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;
  const sqlite3_module *pModule;
  Mem *pDest;

  Mem **apArg;
  Mem *pX;

  assert( pOp->p2==1        || pOp->p5==OE_Fail   || pOp->p5==OE_Rollback 
       || pOp->p5==OE_Abort || pOp->p5==OE_Ignore || pOp->p5==OE_Replace
  );
  assert( p->readOnly==0 );
  sqlite3VdbeIncrWriteCounter(p, 0);
  pVtab = pOp->p4.pVtab->pVtab;
  if( pVtab==0 || NEVER(pVtab->pModule==0) ){
    rc = SQLITE_LOCKED;
    goto abort_due_to_error;
  }
  pModule = pVtab->pModule;
  nArg = pOp->p2;

    assert( pC->eCurType==CURTYPE_BTREE );
    sqlite3BtreeCursorHint(pC->uc.pCursor, BTREE_HINT_RANGE,
                           pOp->p4.pExpr, aMem);
  }
  break;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_CURSOR_HINTS */

#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
/* Opcode:  Abortable   * * * * *
**
** Verify that an Abort can happen.  Assert if an Abort at this point
** might cause database corruption.  This opcode only appears in debugging
** builds.
**
** An Abort is safe if either there have been no writes, or if there is
** an active statement journal.
*/
case OP_Abortable: {
  sqlite3VdbeAssertAbortable(p);
  break;
}
#endif

/* Opcode: Noop * * * * *
**
** Do nothing.  This instruction is often useful as a jump
** destination.
*/
/*
** The magic Explain opcode are only inserted when explain==2 (which
** is to say when the EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN syntax is used.)
** This opcode records information from the optimizer.  It is the
** the same as a no-op.  This opcodesnever appears in a real VM program.
*/
default: {          /* This is really OP_Noop, OP_Explain */
  assert( pOp->opcode==OP_Noop || pOp->opcode==OP_Explain );

  break;
}

/*****************************************************************************
** The cases of the switch statement above this line should all be indented
** by 6 spaces.  But the left-most 6 spaces have been removed to improve the
** readability.  From this point on down, the normal indentation rules are

      exprCodeBetween(pParse, pExpr, target, 0, 0);
      return target;
    }
    case TK_SPAN:
    case TK_COLLATE: 
    case TK_UPLUS: {
      pExpr = pExpr->pLeft;
      goto expr_code_doover; /* 2018-04-28: Prevent deep recursion. OSSFuzz. */
    }

    case TK_TRIGGER: {
      /* If the opcode is TK_TRIGGER, then the expression is a reference
      ** to a column in the new.* or old.* pseudo-tables available to
      ** trigger programs. In this case Expr.iTable is set to 1 for the
      ** new.* pseudo-table, or 0 for the old.* pseudo-table. Expr.iColumn

                    sqlite3KeyInfoRef(pKey), P4_KEYINFO);

  /* Open the table. Loop through all rows of the table, inserting index
  ** records into the sorter. */
  sqlite3OpenTable(pParse, iTab, iDb, pTab, OP_OpenRead);
  addr1 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rewind, iTab, 0); VdbeCoverage(v);
  regRecord = sqlite3GetTempReg(pParse);
  sqlite3MultiWrite(pParse);

  sqlite3GenerateIndexKey(pParse,pIndex,iTab,regRecord,0,&iPartIdxLabel,0,0);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_SorterInsert, iSorter, regRecord);
  sqlite3ResolvePartIdxLabel(pParse, iPartIdxLabel);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Next, iTab, addr1+1); VdbeCoverage(v);
  sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addr1);
  if( memRootPage<0 ) sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Clear, tnum, iDb);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_OpenWrite, iIdx, tnum, iDb, 
                    (char *)pKey, P4_KEYINFO);
  sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, OPFLAG_BULKCSR|((memRootPage>=0)?OPFLAG_P2ISREG:0));

  addr1 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_SorterSort, iSorter, 0); VdbeCoverage(v);
  if( IsUniqueIndex(pIndex) ){
    int j2 = sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, 1);

    addr2 = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
    sqlite3VdbeVerifyAbortable(v, OE_Abort);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, OP_SorterCompare, iSorter, j2, regRecord,
                         pIndex->nKeyCol); VdbeCoverage(v);
    sqlite3UniqueConstraint(pParse, OE_Abort, pIndex);
    sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, j2);
  }else{
    addr2 = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
  }
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_SorterData, iSorter, regRecord, iIdx);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_SeekEnd, iIdx);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IdxInsert, iIdx, regRecord);
  sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, OPFLAG_USESEEKRESULT);

  /* If the createFlag parameter is true and the search did not reveal an
  ** exact match for the name, number of arguments and encoding, then add a
  ** new entry to the hash table and return it.
  */
  if( createFlag && bestScore<FUNC_PERFECT_MATCH && 
      (pBest = sqlite3DbMallocZero(db, sizeof(*pBest)+nName+1))!=0 ){
    FuncDef *pOther;
    u8 *z;
    pBest->zName = (const char*)&pBest[1];
    pBest->nArg = (u16)nArg;
    pBest->funcFlags = enc;
    memcpy((char*)&pBest[1], zName, nName+1);
    for(z=(u8*)pBest->zName; *z; z++) *z = sqlite3UpperToLower[*z];
    pOther = (FuncDef*)sqlite3HashInsert(&db->aFunc, pBest->zName, pBest);
    if( pOther==pBest ){
      sqlite3DbFree(db, pBest);
      sqlite3OomFault(db);
      return 0;
    }else{
      pBest->pNext = pOther;

    }  
  
    /* Delete the row */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
    if( IsVirtual(pTab) ){
      const char *pVTab = (const char *)sqlite3GetVTable(db, pTab);
      sqlite3VtabMakeWritable(pParse, pTab);


      assert( eOnePass==ONEPASS_OFF || eOnePass==ONEPASS_SINGLE );
      sqlite3MayAbort(pParse);
      if( eOnePass==ONEPASS_SINGLE ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Close, iTabCur);
        if( sqlite3IsToplevel(pParse) ){
          pParse->isMultiWrite = 0;
        }
      }
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_VUpdate, 0, 1, iKey, pVTab, P4_VTAB);
      sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, OE_Abort);
    }else
#endif
    {
      int count = (pParse->nested==0);    /* True to count changes */
      sqlite3GenerateRowDelete(pParse, pTab, pTrigger, iDataCur, iIdxCur,
          iKey, nKey, count, OE_Default, eOnePass, aiCurOnePass[1]);
    }

  int isIgnore          /* If true, pretend pTab contains all NULL values */
){
  int i;                                    /* Iterator variable */
  Vdbe *v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);         /* Vdbe to add code to */
  int iCur = pParse->nTab - 1;              /* Cursor number to use */
  int iOk = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);        /* jump here if parent key found */

  sqlite3VdbeVerifyAbortable(v,
    (!pFKey->isDeferred
      && !(pParse->db->flags & SQLITE_DeferFKs)
      && !pParse->pToplevel 
      && !pParse->isMultiWrite) ? OE_Abort : OE_Ignore);

  /* If nIncr is less than zero, then check at runtime if there are any
  ** outstanding constraints to resolve. If there are not, there is no need
  ** to check if deleting this row resolves any outstanding violations.
  **
  ** Check if any of the key columns in the child table row are NULL. If 
  ** any are, then the constraint is considered satisfied. No need to 
  ** search for a matching row in the parent table.  */

    ** transactions are not able to rollback schema changes.  
    **
    ** If the SQLITE_DeferFKs flag is set, then this is not required, as
    ** the statement transaction will not be rolled back even if FK
    ** constraints are violated.
    */
    if( (db->flags & SQLITE_DeferFKs)==0 ){
      sqlite3VdbeVerifyAbortable(v, OE_Abort);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_FkIfZero, 0, sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)+2);
      VdbeCoverage(v);
      sqlite3HaltConstraint(pParse, SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY,
          OE_Abort, 0, P4_STATIC, P5_ConstraintFK);
    }

    if( iSkip ){

*/
static int autoIncBegin(
  Parse *pParse,      /* Parsing context */
  int iDb,            /* Index of the database holding pTab */
  Table *pTab         /* The table we are writing to */
){
  int memId = 0;      /* Register holding maximum rowid */
  assert( pParse->db->aDb[iDb].pSchema!=0 );
  if( (pTab->tabFlags & TF_Autoincrement)!=0
   && (pParse->db->mDbFlags & DBFLAG_Vacuum)==0
  ){
    Parse *pToplevel = sqlite3ParseToplevel(pParse);
    AutoincInfo *pInfo;
    Table *pSeqTab = pParse->db->aDb[iDb].pSchema->pSeqTab;

    /* Verify that the sqlite_sequence table exists and is an ordinary
    ** rowid table with exactly two columns.
    ** Ticket d8dc2b3a58cd5dc2918a1d4acb 2018-05-23 */
    if( pSeqTab==0
     || !HasRowid(pSeqTab)
     || IsVirtual(pSeqTab)
     || pSeqTab->nCol!=2
    ){
      pParse->nErr++;
      pParse->rc = SQLITE_CORRUPT_SEQUENCE;
      return 0;
    }

    pInfo = pToplevel->pAinc;
    while( pInfo && pInfo->pTab!=pTab ){ pInfo = pInfo->pNext; }
    if( pInfo==0 ){
      pInfo = sqlite3DbMallocRawNN(pParse->db, sizeof(*pInfo));
      if( pInfo==0 ) return 0;
      pInfo->pNext = pToplevel->pAinc;

    pParse->iSelfTab = -(regNewData+1);
    onError = overrideError!=OE_Default ? overrideError : OE_Abort;
    for(i=0; i<pCheck->nExpr; i++){
      int allOk;
      Expr *pExpr = pCheck->a[i].pExpr;
      if( aiChng && checkConstraintUnchanged(pExpr, aiChng, pkChng) ) continue;
      allOk = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
      sqlite3VdbeVerifyAbortable(v, onError);
      sqlite3ExprIfTrue(pParse, pExpr, allOk, SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL);
      if( onError==OE_Ignore ){
        sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, ignoreDest);
      }else{
        char *zName = pCheck->a[i].zName;
        if( zName==0 ) zName = pTab->zName;
        if( onError==OE_Replace ) onError = OE_Abort; /* IMP: R-15569-63625 */

      sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, SQLITE_NOTNULL);
      VdbeCoverage(v);
    }

    /* Check to see if the new rowid already exists in the table.  Skip
    ** the following conflict logic if it does not. */
    VdbeNoopComment((v, "uniqueness check for ROWID"));
    sqlite3VdbeVerifyAbortable(v, onError);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_NotExists, iDataCur, addrRowidOk, regNewData);
    VdbeCoverage(v);

    switch( onError ){
      default: {
        onError = OE_Abort;
        /* Fall thru into the next case */

    ){
      sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, addrUniqueOk);
      continue;
    }

    /* Check to see if the new index entry will be unique */
    sqlite3ExprCachePush(pParse);
    sqlite3VdbeVerifyAbortable(v, onError);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, OP_NoConflict, iThisCur, addrUniqueOk,
                         regIdx, pIdx->nKeyCol); VdbeCoverage(v);

    /* Generate code to handle collisions */
    regR = (pIdx==pPk) ? regIdx : sqlite3GetTempRange(pParse, nPkField);
    if( isUpdate || onError==OE_Replace ){
      if( HasRowid(pTab) ){

        testcase( onError==OE_Ignore );
        sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, ignoreDest);
        break;
      }
      default: {
        Trigger *pTrigger = 0;
        assert( onError==OE_Replace );

        if( db->flags&SQLITE_RecTriggers ){
          pTrigger = sqlite3TriggersExist(pParse, pTab, TK_DELETE, 0, 0);
        }
        if( pTrigger || sqlite3FkRequired(pParse, pTab, 0, 0) ){
          sqlite3MultiWrite(pParse);
        }
        sqlite3GenerateRowDelete(pParse, pTab, pTrigger, iDataCur, iIdxCur,
            regR, nPkField, 0, OE_Replace,
            (pIdx==pPk ? ONEPASS_SINGLE : ONEPASS_OFF), iThisCur);
        seenReplace = 1;
        break;
      }

  }
  if( HasRowid(pSrc) ){
    u8 insFlags;
    sqlite3OpenTable(pParse, iSrc, iDbSrc, pSrc, OP_OpenRead);
    emptySrcTest = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rewind, iSrc, 0); VdbeCoverage(v);
    if( pDest->iPKey>=0 ){
      addr1 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rowid, iSrc, regRowid);
      sqlite3VdbeVerifyAbortable(v, onError);
      addr2 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_NotExists, iDest, 0, regRowid);
      VdbeCoverage(v);
      sqlite3RowidConstraint(pParse, onError, pDest);
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addr2);
      autoIncStep(pParse, regAutoinc, regRowid);
    }else if( pDest->pIndex==0 ){
      addr1 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_NewRowid, iDest, regRowid);

  WhereInfo *pWInfo;
  int nArg = 2 + pTab->nCol;      /* Number of arguments to VUpdate */
  int regArg;                     /* First register in VUpdate arg array */
  int regRec;                     /* Register in which to assemble record */
  int regRowid;                   /* Register for ephem table rowid */
  int iCsr = pSrc->a[0].iCursor;  /* Cursor used for virtual table scan */
  int aDummy[2];                  /* Unused arg for sqlite3WhereOkOnePass() */
  int eOnePass;                   /* True to use onepass strategy */
  int addr;                       /* Address of OP_OpenEphemeral */

  /* Allocate nArg registers in which to gather the arguments for VUpdate. Then
  ** create and open the ephemeral table in which the records created from
  ** these arguments will be temporarily stored. */
  assert( v );
  ephemTab = pParse->nTab++;

    assert( pPk!=0 );
    assert( pPk->nKeyCol==1 );
    iPk = pPk->aiColumn[0];
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_VColumn, iCsr, iPk, regArg);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_SCopy, regArg+2+iPk, regArg+1);
  }

  eOnePass = sqlite3WhereOkOnePass(pWInfo, aDummy);

  /* There is no ONEPASS_MULTI on virtual tables */
  assert( eOnePass==ONEPASS_OFF || eOnePass==ONEPASS_SINGLE );

  if( eOnePass ){
    /* If using the onepass strategy, no-op out the OP_OpenEphemeral coded
    ** above. */
    sqlite3VdbeChangeToNoop(v, addr);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Close, iCsr);
  }else{
    /* Create a record from the argument register contents and insert it into
    ** the ephemeral table. */
    sqlite3MultiWrite(pParse);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_MakeRecord, regArg, nArg, regRec);
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
    /* Signal an assert() within OP_MakeRecord that it is allowed to
    ** accept no-change records with serial_type 10 */
    sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, OPFLAG_NOCHNG_MAGIC);
#endif
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_NewRowid, ephemTab, regRowid);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Insert, ephemTab, regRec, regRowid);
  }


  if( eOnePass==ONEPASS_OFF ){
    /* End the virtual table scan */
    sqlite3WhereEnd(pWInfo);

    /* Begin scannning through the ephemeral table. */
    addr = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Rewind, ephemTab); VdbeCoverage(v);

    /* Extract arguments from the current row of the ephemeral table and 
    ** invoke the VUpdate method.  */
    for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, ephemTab, i, regArg+i);
    }
  }
  sqlite3VtabMakeWritable(pParse, pTab);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_VUpdate, 0, nArg, regArg, pVTab, P4_VTAB);
  sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, onError==OE_Default ? OE_Abort : onError);
  sqlite3MayAbort(pParse);

  /* End of the ephemeral table scan. Or, if using the onepass strategy,
  ** jump to here if the scan visited zero rows. */
  if( eOnePass==ONEPASS_OFF ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Next, ephemTab, addr+1); VdbeCoverage(v);
    sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addr);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Close, ephemTab, 0);
  }else{
    sqlite3WhereEnd(pWInfo);
  }
}

        int k;
        assert( pPk->aiColumn[i]>=0 );
        k = sqlite3ColumnOfIndex(pIdx, pPk->aiColumn[i]);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, iCur, k, iPk+i);
        VdbeComment((v, "%s.%s", pIdx->zName,
                    pTab->aCol[pPk->aiColumn[i]].zName));
      }
      sqlite3VdbeVerifyAbortable(v, OE_Abort);
      i = sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, OP_Found, iDataCur, 0, iPk, nPk);
      VdbeCoverage(v);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_Halt, SQLITE_CORRUPT, OE_Abort, 0, 
            "corrupt database", P4_STATIC);
      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, i);
    }
  }

  Table *pTab;
  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;
  sqlite3_module *pMod;
  void (*xSFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**) = 0;
  void *pArg = 0;
  FuncDef *pNew;
  int rc = 0;




  /* Check to see the left operand is a column in a virtual table */
  if( NEVER(pExpr==0) ) return pDef;
  if( pExpr->op!=TK_COLUMN ) return pDef;
  pTab = pExpr->pTab;
  if( pTab==0 ) return pDef;
  if( !IsVirtual(pTab) ) return pDef;
  pVtab = sqlite3GetVTable(db, pTab)->pVtab;
  assert( pVtab!=0 );
  assert( pVtab->pModule!=0 );
  pMod = (sqlite3_module *)pVtab->pModule;
  if( pMod->xFindFunction==0 ) return pDef;
 
  /* Call the xFindFunction method on the virtual table implementation
  ** to see if the implementation wants to overload this function.
  **
  ** Though undocumented, we have historically always invoked xFindFunction
  ** with an all lower-case function name.  Continue in this tradition to
  ** avoid any chance of an incompatibility.
  */
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
  {
    int i;
    for(i=0; pDef->zName[i]; i++){

      unsigned char x = (unsigned char)pDef->zName[i];
      assert( x==sqlite3UpperToLower[x] );
    }


  }
#endif
  rc = pMod->xFindFunction(pVtab, nArg, pDef->zName, &xSFunc, &pArg);
  if( rc==0 ){
    return pDef;
  }

  /* Create a new ephemeral function definition for the overloaded
  ** function */
  pNew = sqlite3DbMallocZero(db, sizeof(*pNew)

        pNew->nSkip = 0;
        pNew->u.btree.pIndex = 0;
        pNew->nLTerm = 1;
        pNew->aLTerm[0] = pTerm;
        /* TUNING: One-time cost for computing the automatic index is
        ** estimated to be X*N*log2(N) where N is the number of rows in
        ** the table being indexed and where X is 7 (LogEst=28) for normal
        ** tables or 0.5 (LogEst=-10) for views and subqueries.  The value
        ** of X is smaller for views and subqueries so that the query planner
        ** will be more aggressive about generating automatic indexes for
        ** those objects, since there is no opportunity to add schema
        ** indexes on subqueries and views. */
        pNew->rSetup = rLogSize + rSize;
        if( pTab->pSelect==0 && (pTab->tabFlags & TF_Ephemeral)==0 ){
          pNew->rSetup += 28;
        }else{
          pNew->rSetup -= 10;
        }
        ApplyCostMultiplier(pNew->rSetup, pTab->costMult);
        if( pNew->rSetup<0 ) pNew->rSetup = 0;
        /* TUNING: Each index lookup yields 20 rows in the table.  This
        ** is more than the usual guess of 10 rows, since we have no way
        ** of knowing how selective the index will ultimately be.  It would
        ** not be unreasonable to make this value much larger. */

        LogEst rUnsorted;                 /* Unsorted cost of (pFrom+pWLoop) */
        i8 isOrdered = pFrom->isOrdered;  /* isOrdered for (pFrom+pWLoop) */
        Bitmask maskNew;                  /* Mask of src visited by (..) */
        Bitmask revMask = 0;              /* Mask of rev-order loops for (..) */

        if( (pWLoop->prereq & ~pFrom->maskLoop)!=0 ) continue;
        if( (pWLoop->maskSelf & pFrom->maskLoop)!=0 ) continue;
        if( (pWLoop->wsFlags & WHERE_AUTO_INDEX)!=0 && pFrom->nRow<3 ){
          /* Do not use an automatic index if the this loop is expected
          ** to run less than 1.25 times.  It is tempting to also exclude
          ** automatic index usage on an outer loop, but sometimes an automatic
          ** index is useful in the outer loop of a correlated subquery. */
          assert( 10==sqlite3LogEst(2) );
          continue;
        }

        /* At this point, pWLoop is a candidate to be the next loop. 
        ** Compute its cost */
        rUnsorted = sqlite3LogEstAdd(pWLoop->rSetup,pWLoop->rRun + pFrom->nRow);
        rUnsorted = sqlite3LogEstAdd(rUnsorted, pFrom->rUnsorted);
        nOut = pFrom->nRow + pWLoop->nOut;
        maskNew = pFrom->maskLoop | pWLoop->maskSelf;
        if( isOrdered<0 ){

#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
  if( !sqlite3SafetyCheckOk(db) ){
    return SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
  }
#endif
  sqlite3_mutex_enter(db->mutex);
  if( xDestroy ){
    pArg = (FuncDestructor *)sqlite3Malloc(sizeof(FuncDestructor));
    if( !pArg ){
      sqlite3OomFault(db);
      xDestroy(p);
      goto out;
    }
    pArg->nRef = 0;
    pArg->xDestroy = xDestroy;
    pArg->pUserData = p;
  }
  rc = sqlite3CreateFunc(db, zFunc, nArg, enc, p, xSFunc, xStep, xFinal, pArg);
  if( pArg && pArg->nRef==0 ){
    assert( rc!=SQLITE_OK );
    xDestroy(p);
    sqlite3_free(pArg);
  }

 out:
  rc = sqlite3ApiExit(db, rc);
  sqlite3_mutex_leave(db->mutex);
  return rc;
}

  sqlite3DbFree(db, zFunc8);
  rc = sqlite3ApiExit(db, rc);
  sqlite3_mutex_leave(db->mutex);
  return rc;
}
#endif


/*
** The following is the implementation of an SQL function that always
** fails with an error message stating that the function is used in the
** wrong context.  The sqlite3_overload_function() API might construct
** SQL function that use this routine so that the functions will exist
** for name resolution but are actually overloaded by the xFindFunction
** method of virtual tables.
*/
static void sqlite3InvalidFunction(
  sqlite3_context *context,  /* The function calling context */
  int NotUsed,               /* Number of arguments to the function */
  sqlite3_value **NotUsed2   /* Value of each argument */
){
  const char *zName = (const char*)sqlite3_user_data(context);
  char *zErr;
  UNUSED_PARAMETER2(NotUsed, NotUsed2);
  zErr = sqlite3_mprintf(
      "unable to use function %s in the requested context", zName);
  sqlite3_result_error(context, zErr, -1);
  sqlite3_free(zErr);
}

/*
** Declare that a function has been overloaded by a virtual table.
**
** If the function already exists as a regular global function, then
** this routine is a no-op.  If the function does not exist, then create
** a new one that always throws a run-time error.  
**
** When virtual tables intend to provide an overloaded function, they
** should call this routine to make sure the global function exists.
** A global function must exist in order for name resolution to work
** properly.
*/
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_overload_function(
  sqlite3 *db,
  const char *zName,
  int nArg
){
  int rc;
  char *zCopy;

#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
  if( !sqlite3SafetyCheckOk(db) || zName==0 || nArg<-2 ){
    return SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
  }
#endif
  sqlite3_mutex_enter(db->mutex);
  rc = sqlite3FindFunction(db, zName, nArg, SQLITE_UTF8, 0)!=0;




  sqlite3_mutex_leave(db->mutex);
  if( rc ) return SQLITE_OK;
  zCopy = sqlite3_mprintf(zName);
  if( zCopy==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
  return sqlite3_create_function_v2(db, zName, nArg, SQLITE_UTF8,
                           zCopy, sqlite3InvalidFunction, 0, 0, sqlite3_free);
}

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE
/*
** Register a trace function.  The pArg from the previously registered trace
** is returned.  
**

** The data structure for a single virtual r-tree table is stored in three 
** native SQLite tables declared as follows. In each case, the '%' character
** in the table name is replaced with the user-supplied name of the r-tree
** table.
**
**   CREATE TABLE %_node(nodeno INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, data BLOB)
**   CREATE TABLE %_parent(nodeno INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, parentnode INTEGER)
**   CREATE TABLE %_rowid(rowid INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, nodeno INTEGER, ...)
**
** The data for each node of the r-tree structure is stored in the %_node
** table. For each node that is not the root node of the r-tree, there is
** an entry in the %_parent table associating the node with its parent.
** And for each row of data in the table, there is an entry in the %_rowid
** table that maps from the entries rowid to the id of the node that it
** is stored on.  If the r-tree contains auxiliary columns, those are stored
** on the end of the %_rowid table.
**
** The root node of an r-tree always exists, even if the r-tree table is
** empty. The nodeno of the root node is always 1. All other nodes in the
** table must be the same size as the root node. The content of each node
** is formatted as follows:
**
**   1. If the node is the root node (node 1), then the first 2 bytes

typedef struct RtreeMatchArg RtreeMatchArg;
typedef struct RtreeGeomCallback RtreeGeomCallback;
typedef union RtreeCoord RtreeCoord;
typedef struct RtreeSearchPoint RtreeSearchPoint;

/* The rtree may have between 1 and RTREE_MAX_DIMENSIONS dimensions. */
#define RTREE_MAX_DIMENSIONS 5

/* Maximum number of auxiliary columns */
#define RTREE_MAX_AUX_COLUMN 100

/* Size of hash table Rtree.aHash. This hash table is not expected to
** ever contain very many entries, so a fixed number of buckets is 
** used.
*/
#define HASHSIZE 97

  sqlite3 *db;                /* Host database connection */
  int iNodeSize;              /* Size in bytes of each node in the node table */
  u8 nDim;                    /* Number of dimensions */
  u8 nDim2;                   /* Twice the number of dimensions */
  u8 eCoordType;              /* RTREE_COORD_REAL32 or RTREE_COORD_INT32 */
  u8 nBytesPerCell;           /* Bytes consumed per cell */
  u8 inWrTrans;               /* True if inside write transaction */
  u8 nAux;                    /* # of auxiliary columns in %_rowid */
  int iDepth;                 /* Current depth of the r-tree structure */
  char *zDb;                  /* Name of database containing r-tree table */
  char *zName;                /* Name of r-tree table */ 
  u32 nBusy;                  /* Current number of users of this structure */
  i64 nRowEst;                /* Estimated number of rows in this table */
  u32 nCursor;                /* Number of open cursors */
  u32 nNodeRef;               /* Number RtreeNodes with positive nRef */
  char *zReadAuxSql;          /* SQL for statement to read aux data */

  /* List of nodes removed during a CondenseTree operation. List is
  ** linked together via the pointer normally used for hash chains -
  ** RtreeNode.pNext. RtreeNode.iNode stores the depth of the sub-tree 
  ** headed by the node (leaf nodes have RtreeNode.iNode==0).
  */
  RtreeNode *pDeleted;

  sqlite3_stmt *pWriteRowid;
  sqlite3_stmt *pDeleteRowid;

  /* Statements to read/write/delete a record from xxx_parent */
  sqlite3_stmt *pReadParent;
  sqlite3_stmt *pWriteParent;
  sqlite3_stmt *pDeleteParent;

  /* Statement for writing to the "aux:" fields, if there are any */
  sqlite3_stmt *pWriteAux;

  RtreeNode *aHash[HASHSIZE]; /* Hash table of in-memory nodes. */ 
};

/* Possible values for Rtree.eCoordType: */
#define RTREE_COORD_REAL32 0
#define RTREE_COORD_INT32  1

/* 
** An rtree cursor object.
*/
struct RtreeCursor {
  sqlite3_vtab_cursor base;         /* Base class.  Must be first */
  u8 atEOF;                         /* True if at end of search */
  u8 bPoint;                        /* True if sPoint is valid */
  u8 bAuxValid;                     /* True if pReadAux is valid */
  int iStrategy;                    /* Copy of idxNum search parameter */
  int nConstraint;                  /* Number of entries in aConstraint */
  RtreeConstraint *aConstraint;     /* Search constraints. */
  int nPointAlloc;                  /* Number of slots allocated for aPoint[] */
  int nPoint;                       /* Number of slots used in aPoint[] */
  int mxLevel;                      /* iLevel value for root of the tree */
  RtreeSearchPoint *aPoint;         /* Priority queue for search points */
  sqlite3_stmt *pReadAux;           /* Statement to read aux-data */
  RtreeSearchPoint sPoint;          /* Cached next search point */
  RtreeNode *aNode[RTREE_CACHE_SZ]; /* Rtree node cache */
  u32 anQueue[RTREE_MAX_DEPTH+1];   /* Number of queued entries by iLevel */
};

/* Return the Rtree of a RtreeCursor */
#define RTREE_OF_CURSOR(X)   ((Rtree*)((X)->base.pVtab))

}

/*
** Increment the reference count of node p.
*/
static void nodeReference(RtreeNode *p){
  if( p ){
    assert( p->nRef>0 );
    p->nRef++;
  }
}

/*
** Clear the content of node p (set all bytes to 0x00).
*/

static RtreeNode *nodeNew(Rtree *pRtree, RtreeNode *pParent){
  RtreeNode *pNode;
  pNode = (RtreeNode *)sqlite3_malloc(sizeof(RtreeNode) + pRtree->iNodeSize);
  if( pNode ){
    memset(pNode, 0, sizeof(RtreeNode) + pRtree->iNodeSize);
    pNode->zData = (u8 *)&pNode[1];
    pNode->nRef = 1;
    pRtree->nNodeRef++;
    pNode->pParent = pParent;
    pNode->isDirty = 1;
    nodeReference(pParent);
  }
  return pNode;
}

){
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
  RtreeNode *pNode = 0;

  /* Check if the requested node is already in the hash table. If so,
  ** increase its reference count and return it.
  */
  if( (pNode = nodeHashLookup(pRtree, iNode))!=0 ){
    assert( !pParent || !pNode->pParent || pNode->pParent==pParent );
    if( pParent && !pNode->pParent ){
      pParent->nRef++;
      pNode->pParent = pParent;
    }
    pNode->nRef++;
    *ppNode = pNode;
    return SQLITE_OK;
  }

    pNode = (RtreeNode *)sqlite3_malloc(sizeof(RtreeNode)+pRtree->iNodeSize);
    if( !pNode ){
      rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
    }else{
      pNode->pParent = pParent;
      pNode->zData = (u8 *)&pNode[1];
      pNode->nRef = 1;
      pRtree->nNodeRef++;
      pNode->iNode = iNode;
      pNode->isDirty = 0;
      pNode->pNext = 0;
      rc = sqlite3_blob_read(pRtree->pNodeBlob, pNode->zData,
                             pRtree->iNodeSize, 0);
      nodeReference(pParent);
    }

    if( pNode!=0 ){
      nodeHashInsert(pRtree, pNode);
    }else{
      rc = SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB;
    }
    *ppNode = pNode;
  }else{
    if( pNode ){
      pRtree->nNodeRef--;
      sqlite3_free(pNode);
    }
    *ppNode = 0;
  }

  return rc;
}

/*

** Release a reference to a node. If the node is dirty and the reference
** count drops to zero, the node data is written to the database.
*/
static int nodeRelease(Rtree *pRtree, RtreeNode *pNode){
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
  if( pNode ){
    assert( pNode->nRef>0 );
    assert( pRtree->nNodeRef>0 );
    pNode->nRef--;
    if( pNode->nRef==0 ){
      pRtree->nNodeRef--;
      if( pNode->iNode==1 ){
        pRtree->iDepth = -1;
      }
      if( pNode->pParent ){
        rc = nodeRelease(pRtree, pNode->pParent);
      }
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){

** Decrement the r-tree reference count. When the reference count reaches
** zero the structure is deleted.
*/
static void rtreeRelease(Rtree *pRtree){
  pRtree->nBusy--;
  if( pRtree->nBusy==0 ){
    pRtree->inWrTrans = 0;
    assert( pRtree->nCursor==0 );
    nodeBlobReset(pRtree);
    assert( pRtree->nNodeRef==0 );
    sqlite3_finalize(pRtree->pWriteNode);
    sqlite3_finalize(pRtree->pDeleteNode);
    sqlite3_finalize(pRtree->pReadRowid);
    sqlite3_finalize(pRtree->pWriteRowid);
    sqlite3_finalize(pRtree->pDeleteRowid);
    sqlite3_finalize(pRtree->pReadParent);
    sqlite3_finalize(pRtree->pWriteParent);
    sqlite3_finalize(pRtree->pDeleteParent);
    sqlite3_finalize(pRtree->pWriteAux);
    sqlite3_free(pRtree->zReadAuxSql);
    sqlite3_free(pRtree);
  }
}

/* 
** Rtree virtual table module xDisconnect method.
*/

*/
static int rtreeClose(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur){
  Rtree *pRtree = (Rtree *)(cur->pVtab);
  int ii;
  RtreeCursor *pCsr = (RtreeCursor *)cur;
  assert( pRtree->nCursor>0 );
  freeCursorConstraints(pCsr);
  sqlite3_finalize(pCsr->pReadAux);
  sqlite3_free(pCsr->aPoint);
  for(ii=0; ii<RTREE_CACHE_SZ; ii++) nodeRelease(pRtree, pCsr->aNode[ii]);
  sqlite3_free(pCsr);
  pRtree->nCursor--;
  nodeBlobReset(pRtree);
  return SQLITE_OK;
}

      int ii;
      pNew = rtreeEnqueue(pCur, rScore, iLevel);
      if( pNew==0 ) return 0;
      ii = (int)(pNew - pCur->aPoint) + 1;
      if( ii<RTREE_CACHE_SZ ){
        assert( pCur->aNode[ii]==0 );
        pCur->aNode[ii] = pCur->aNode[0];
      }else{
        nodeRelease(RTREE_OF_CURSOR(pCur), pCur->aNode[0]);
      }
      pCur->aNode[0] = 0;
      *pNew = pCur->sPoint;
    }
    pCur->sPoint.rScore = rScore;
    pCur->sPoint.iLevel = iLevel;

*/
static int rtreeNext(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pVtabCursor){
  RtreeCursor *pCsr = (RtreeCursor *)pVtabCursor;
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;

  /* Move to the next entry that matches the configured constraints. */
  RTREE_QUEUE_TRACE(pCsr, "POP-Nx:");
  if( pCsr->bAuxValid ){
    pCsr->bAuxValid = 0;
    sqlite3_reset(pCsr->pReadAux);
  }
  rtreeSearchPointPop(pCsr);
  rc = rtreeStepToLeaf(pCsr);
  return rc;
}

/* 
** Rtree virtual table module xRowid method.

  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
  RtreeNode *pNode = rtreeNodeOfFirstSearchPoint(pCsr, &rc);

  if( rc ) return rc;
  if( p==0 ) return SQLITE_OK;
  if( i==0 ){
    sqlite3_result_int64(ctx, nodeGetRowid(pRtree, pNode, p->iCell));
  }else if( i<=pRtree->nDim2 ){
    nodeGetCoord(pRtree, pNode, p->iCell, i-1, &c);
#ifndef SQLITE_RTREE_INT_ONLY
    if( pRtree->eCoordType==RTREE_COORD_REAL32 ){
      sqlite3_result_double(ctx, c.f);
    }else
#endif
    {
      assert( pRtree->eCoordType==RTREE_COORD_INT32 );
      sqlite3_result_int(ctx, c.i);
    }
  }else{
    if( !pCsr->bAuxValid ){
      if( pCsr->pReadAux==0 ){
        rc = sqlite3_prepare_v3(pRtree->db, pRtree->zReadAuxSql, -1, 0,
                                &pCsr->pReadAux, 0);
        if( rc ) return rc;
      }
      sqlite3_bind_int64(pCsr->pReadAux, 1, 
          nodeGetRowid(pRtree, pNode, p->iCell));
      rc = sqlite3_step(pCsr->pReadAux);
      if( rc==SQLITE_ROW ){
        pCsr->bAuxValid = 1;
      }else{
        sqlite3_reset(pCsr->pReadAux);
        if( rc==SQLITE_DONE ) rc = SQLITE_OK;
        return rc;
      }
    }
    sqlite3_result_value(ctx,
         sqlite3_column_value(pCsr->pReadAux, i - pRtree->nDim2 + 1));
  }  
  return SQLITE_OK;
}

/* 
** Use nodeAcquire() to obtain the leaf node containing the record with 
** rowid iRowid. If successful, set *ppLeaf to point to the node and
** return SQLITE_OK. If there is no such record in the table, set

){
  Rtree *pRtree = (Rtree *)pVtabCursor->pVtab;
  RtreeCursor *pCsr = (RtreeCursor *)pVtabCursor;
  RtreeNode *pRoot = 0;
  int ii;
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
  int iCell = 0;
  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;

  rtreeReference(pRtree);

  /* Reset the cursor to the same state as rtreeOpen() leaves it in. */
  freeCursorConstraints(pCsr);
  sqlite3_free(pCsr->aPoint);
  pStmt = pCsr->pReadAux;
  memset(pCsr, 0, sizeof(RtreeCursor));
  pCsr->base.pVtab = (sqlite3_vtab*)pRtree;
  pCsr->pReadAux = pStmt;

  pCsr->iStrategy = idxNum;
  if( idxNum==1 ){
    /* Special case - lookup by rowid. */
    RtreeNode *pLeaf;        /* Leaf on which the required cell resides */
    RtreeSearchPoint *p;     /* Search point for the leaf */
    i64 iRowid = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[0]);

      ** and then a linear search of an R-Tree node. This should be 
      ** considered almost as quick as a direct rowid lookup (for which 
      ** sqlite uses an internal cost of 0.0). It is expected to return
      ** a single row.
      */ 
      pIdxInfo->estimatedCost = 30.0;
      pIdxInfo->estimatedRows = 1;
      pIdxInfo->idxFlags = SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE;
      return SQLITE_OK;
    }

    if( p->usable
    && ((p->iColumn>0 && p->iColumn<=pRtree->nDim2)
        || p->op==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH)
    ){
      u8 op;
      switch( p->op ){
        case SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ: op = RTREE_EQ; break;
        case SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT: op = RTREE_GT; break;
        case SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE: op = RTREE_LE; break;
        case SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT: op = RTREE_LT; break;
        case SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE: op = RTREE_GE; break;

    pLeft = nodeNew(pRtree, pNode);
    pRtree->iDepth++;
    pNode->isDirty = 1;
    writeInt16(pNode->zData, pRtree->iDepth);
  }else{
    pLeft = pNode;
    pRight = nodeNew(pRtree, pLeft->pParent);
    pLeft->nRef++;
  }

  if( !pLeft || !pRight ){
    rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
    goto splitnode_out;
  }

  /* Re-insert the contents of any underfull nodes removed from the tree. */
  for(pLeaf=pRtree->pDeleted; pLeaf; pLeaf=pRtree->pDeleted){
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      rc = reinsertNodeContent(pRtree, pLeaf);
    }
    pRtree->pDeleted = pLeaf->pNext;
    pRtree->nNodeRef--;
    sqlite3_free(pLeaf);
  }

  /* Release the reference to the root node. */
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    rc = nodeRelease(pRtree, pRoot);
  }else{

/*
** The xUpdate method for rtree module virtual tables.
*/
static int rtreeUpdate(
  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, 
  int nData, 
  sqlite3_value **aData, 
  sqlite_int64 *pRowid
){
  Rtree *pRtree = (Rtree *)pVtab;
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
  RtreeCell cell;                 /* New cell to insert if nData>1 */
  int bHaveRowid = 0;             /* Set to 1 after new rowid is determined */

  if( pRtree->nNodeRef ){
    /* Unable to write to the btree while another cursor is reading from it,
    ** since the write might do a rebalance which would disrupt the read
    ** cursor. */
    return SQLITE_LOCKED_VTAB;
  }
  rtreeReference(pRtree);
  assert(nData>=1);

  cell.iRowid = 0;  /* Used only to suppress a compiler warning */

  /* Constraint handling. A write operation on an r-tree table may return
  ** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT for two reasons:
  **
  **   1. A duplicate rowid value, or
  **   2. The supplied data violates the "x2>=x1" constraint.
  **
  ** In the first case, if the conflict-handling mode is REPLACE, then
  ** the conflicting row can be removed before proceeding. In the second
  ** case, SQLITE_CONSTRAINT must be returned regardless of the
  ** conflict-handling mode specified by the user.
  */
  if( nData>1 ){
    int ii;
    int nn = nData - 4;

    if( nn > pRtree->nDim2 ) nn = pRtree->nDim2;
    /* Populate the cell.aCoord[] array. The first coordinate is aData[3].
    **
    ** NB: nData can only be less than nDim*2+3 if the rtree is mis-declared
    ** with "column" that are interpreted as table constraints.
    ** Example:  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE bad USING rtree(x,y,CHECK(y>5));
    ** This problem was discovered after years of use, so we silently ignore
    ** these kinds of misdeclared tables to avoid breaking any legacy.
    */


#ifndef SQLITE_RTREE_INT_ONLY
    if( pRtree->eCoordType==RTREE_COORD_REAL32 ){
      for(ii=0; ii<nn; ii+=2){
        cell.aCoord[ii].f = rtreeValueDown(aData[ii+3]);
        cell.aCoord[ii+1].f = rtreeValueUp(aData[ii+4]);
        if( cell.aCoord[ii].f>cell.aCoord[ii+1].f ){
          rc = rtreeConstraintError(pRtree, ii+1);
          goto constraint;
        }
      }
    }else
#endif
    {
      for(ii=0; ii<nn; ii+=2){
        cell.aCoord[ii].i = sqlite3_value_int(aData[ii+3]);
        cell.aCoord[ii+1].i = sqlite3_value_int(aData[ii+4]);
        if( cell.aCoord[ii].i>cell.aCoord[ii+1].i ){
          rc = rtreeConstraintError(pRtree, ii+1);
          goto constraint;
        }
      }
    }

    /* If a rowid value was supplied, check if it is already present in 
    ** the table. If so, the constraint has failed. */
    if( sqlite3_value_type(aData[2])!=SQLITE_NULL ){
      cell.iRowid = sqlite3_value_int64(aData[2]);
      if( sqlite3_value_type(aData[0])==SQLITE_NULL
       || sqlite3_value_int64(aData[0])!=cell.iRowid
      ){
        int steprc;
        sqlite3_bind_int64(pRtree->pReadRowid, 1, cell.iRowid);
        steprc = sqlite3_step(pRtree->pReadRowid);
        rc = sqlite3_reset(pRtree->pReadRowid);
        if( SQLITE_ROW==steprc ){
          if( sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict(pRtree->db)==SQLITE_REPLACE ){
            rc = rtreeDeleteRowid(pRtree, cell.iRowid);
          }else{
            rc = rtreeConstraintError(pRtree, 0);
            goto constraint;
          }
        }
      }
      bHaveRowid = 1;
    }
  }

  /* If aData[0] is not an SQL NULL value, it is the rowid of a
  ** record to delete from the r-tree table. The following block does
  ** just that.
  */
  if( sqlite3_value_type(aData[0])!=SQLITE_NULL ){
    rc = rtreeDeleteRowid(pRtree, sqlite3_value_int64(aData[0]));
  }

  /* If the aData[] array contains more than one element, elements
  ** (aData[2]..aData[argc-1]) contain a new record to insert into
  ** the r-tree structure.
  */
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK && nData>1 ){
    /* Insert the new record into the r-tree */
    RtreeNode *pLeaf = 0;

    /* Figure out the rowid of the new row. */

      pRtree->iReinsertHeight = -1;
      rc = rtreeInsertCell(pRtree, pLeaf, &cell, 0);
      rc2 = nodeRelease(pRtree, pLeaf);
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        rc = rc2;
      }
    }
    if( pRtree->nAux ){
      sqlite3_stmt *pUp = pRtree->pWriteAux;
      int jj;
      sqlite3_bind_int64(pUp, 1, *pRowid);
      for(jj=0; jj<pRtree->nAux; jj++){
        sqlite3_bind_value(pUp, jj+2, aData[pRtree->nDim2+3+jj]);
      }
      sqlite3_step(pUp);
      rc = sqlite3_reset(pUp);
    }
  }

constraint:
  rtreeRelease(pRtree);
  return rc;
}

  int isCreate
){
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;

  #define N_STATEMENT 8
  static const char *azSql[N_STATEMENT] = {
    /* Write the xxx_node table */
    "INSERT OR REPLACE INTO '%q'.'%q_node' VALUES(?1, ?2)",
    "DELETE FROM '%q'.'%q_node' WHERE nodeno = ?1",

    /* Read and write the xxx_rowid table */
    "SELECT nodeno FROM '%q'.'%q_rowid' WHERE rowid = ?1",
    "INSERT OR REPLACE INTO '%q'.'%q_rowid' VALUES(?1, ?2)",
    "DELETE FROM '%q'.'%q_rowid' WHERE rowid = ?1",

    /* Read and write the xxx_parent table */
    "SELECT parentnode FROM '%q'.'%q_parent' WHERE nodeno = ?1",
    "INSERT OR REPLACE INTO '%q'.'%q_parent' VALUES(?1, ?2)",
    "DELETE FROM '%q'.'%q_parent' WHERE nodeno = ?1"
  };
  sqlite3_stmt **appStmt[N_STATEMENT];
  int i;

  pRtree->db = db;

  if( isCreate ){
    char *zCreate;
    sqlite3_str *p = sqlite3_str_new(db);
    int ii;
    sqlite3_str_appendf(p,
       "CREATE TABLE \"%w\".\"%w_rowid\"(rowid INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,nodeno",
       zDb, zPrefix);
    for(ii=0; ii<pRtree->nAux; ii++){
      sqlite3_str_appendf(p,",a%d",ii);
    }
    sqlite3_str_appendf(p,
      ");CREATE TABLE \"%w\".\"%w_node\"(nodeno INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,data);",
      zDb, zPrefix);
    sqlite3_str_appendf(p,
    "CREATE TABLE \"%w\".\"%w_parent\"(nodeno INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,parentnode);",
      zDb, zPrefix);
    sqlite3_str_appendf(p,
       "INSERT INTO \"%w\".\"%w_node\"VALUES(1,zeroblob(%d))",
       zDb, zPrefix, pRtree->iNodeSize);
    zCreate = sqlite3_str_finish(p);
    if( !zCreate ){
      return SQLITE_NOMEM;
    }
    rc = sqlite3_exec(db, zCreate, 0, 0, 0);
    sqlite3_free(zCreate);
    if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
      return rc;

  appStmt[4] = &pRtree->pDeleteRowid;
  appStmt[5] = &pRtree->pReadParent;
  appStmt[6] = &pRtree->pWriteParent;
  appStmt[7] = &pRtree->pDeleteParent;

  rc = rtreeQueryStat1(db, pRtree);
  for(i=0; i<N_STATEMENT && rc==SQLITE_OK; i++){
    char *zSql;
    const char *zFormat;
    if( i!=3 || pRtree->nAux==0 ){
       zFormat = azSql[i];
    }else {
       /* An UPSERT is very slightly slower than REPLACE, but it is needed
       ** if there are auxiliary columns */
       zFormat = "INSERT INTO\"%w\".\"%w_rowid\"(rowid,nodeno)VALUES(?1,?2)"
                  "ON CONFLICT(rowid)DO UPDATE SET nodeno=excluded.nodeno";
    }
    zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(zFormat, zDb, zPrefix);
    if( zSql ){
      rc = sqlite3_prepare_v3(db, zSql, -1, SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT,
                              appStmt[i], 0); 
    }else{
      rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
    }
    sqlite3_free(zSql);
  }
  if( pRtree->nAux ){
    pRtree->zReadAuxSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
       "SELECT * FROM \"%w\".\"%w_rowid\" WHERE rowid=?1",
       zDb, zPrefix);
    if( pRtree->zReadAuxSql==0 ){
      rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
    }else{
      sqlite3_str *p = sqlite3_str_new(db);
      int ii;
      char *zSql;
      sqlite3_str_appendf(p, "UPDATE \"%w\".\"%w_rowid\"SET ", zDb, zPrefix);
      for(ii=0; ii<pRtree->nAux; ii++){
        if( ii ) sqlite3_str_append(p, ",", 1);
        sqlite3_str_appendf(p,"a%d=?%d",ii,ii+2);
      }
      sqlite3_str_appendf(p, " WHERE rowid=?1");
      zSql = sqlite3_str_finish(p);
      if( zSql==0 ){
        rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
      }else{
        rc = sqlite3_prepare_v3(db, zSql, -1, SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT,
                                &pRtree->pWriteAux, 0); 
        sqlite3_free(zSql);
      }
    }
  }

  return rc;
}

/*
** The second argument to this function contains the text of an SQL statement

  int isCreate                        /* True for xCreate, false for xConnect */
){
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
  Rtree *pRtree;
  int nDb;              /* Length of string argv[1] */
  int nName;            /* Length of string argv[2] */
  int eCoordType = (pAux ? RTREE_COORD_INT32 : RTREE_COORD_REAL32);
  sqlite3_str *pSql;
  char *zSql;
  int ii = 4;
  int iErr;

  const char *aErrMsg[] = {
    0,                                                    /* 0 */
    "Wrong number of columns for an rtree table",         /* 1 */
    "Too few columns for an rtree table",                 /* 2 */
    "Too many columns for an rtree table",                /* 3 */
    "Auxiliary rtree columns must be last"                /* 4 */
  };

  assert( RTREE_MAX_AUX_COLUMN<256 ); /* Aux columns counted by a u8 */
  if( argc>RTREE_MAX_AUX_COLUMN+3 ){
    *pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", aErrMsg[3]);
    return SQLITE_ERROR;
  }

  sqlite3_vtab_config(db, SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT, 1);

  /* Allocate the sqlite3_vtab structure */
  nDb = (int)strlen(argv[1]);
  nName = (int)strlen(argv[2]);
  pRtree = (Rtree *)sqlite3_malloc(sizeof(Rtree)+nDb+nName+2);
  if( !pRtree ){
    return SQLITE_NOMEM;
  }
  memset(pRtree, 0, sizeof(Rtree)+nDb+nName+2);
  pRtree->nBusy = 1;
  pRtree->base.pModule = &rtreeModule;
  pRtree->zDb = (char *)&pRtree[1];
  pRtree->zName = &pRtree->zDb[nDb+1];



  pRtree->eCoordType = (u8)eCoordType;
  memcpy(pRtree->zDb, argv[1], nDb);
  memcpy(pRtree->zName, argv[2], nName);




  /* Create/Connect to the underlying relational database schema. If
  ** that is successful, call sqlite3_declare_vtab() to configure
  ** the r-tree table schema.
  */
  pSql = sqlite3_str_new(db);
  sqlite3_str_appendf(pSql, "CREATE TABLE x(%s", argv[3]);
  for(ii=4; ii<argc; ii++){
    if( argv[ii][0]=='+' ){
      pRtree->nAux++;
      sqlite3_str_appendf(pSql, ",%s", argv[ii]+1);
    }else if( pRtree->nAux>0 ){
      break;
    }else{
      pRtree->nDim2++;
      sqlite3_str_appendf(pSql, ",%s", argv[ii]);
    }
  }
  sqlite3_str_appendf(pSql, ");");
  zSql = sqlite3_str_finish(pSql);


  if( !zSql ){
    rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
  }else if( ii<argc ){
    *pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", aErrMsg[4]);
    rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
  }else if( SQLITE_OK!=(rc = sqlite3_declare_vtab(db, zSql)) ){
    *pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
  }
  sqlite3_free(zSql);
  if( rc ) goto rtreeInit_fail;
  pRtree->nDim = pRtree->nDim2/2;
  if( pRtree->nDim<1 ){
    iErr = 2;
  }else if( pRtree->nDim2>RTREE_MAX_DIMENSIONS*2 ){
    iErr = 3;
  }else if( pRtree->nDim2 % 2 ){
    iErr = 1;

  }else{
    iErr = 0;
  }
  if( iErr ){


    *pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", aErrMsg[iErr]);
    goto rtreeInit_fail;
  }
  pRtree->nBytesPerCell = 8 + pRtree->nDim2*4;

  /* Figure out the node size to use. */
  rc = getNodeSize(db, pRtree, isCreate, pzErr);
  if( rc ) goto rtreeInit_fail;
  rc = rtreeSqlInit(pRtree, db, argv[1], argv[2], isCreate);
  if( rc ){
    *pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
    goto rtreeInit_fail;
  }


  *ppVtab = (sqlite3_vtab *)pRtree;
  return SQLITE_OK;

rtreeInit_fail:
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
  assert( *ppVtab==0 );
  assert( pRtree->nBusy==1 );
  rtreeRelease(pRtree);

  return rc;
}


/*
** Implementation of a scalar function that decodes r-tree nodes to
** human readable strings. This can be used for debugging and analysis.

/*
** This function is used to check that the %_parent (if bLeaf==0) or %_rowid
** (if bLeaf==1) table contains a specified entry. The schemas of the
** two tables are:
**
**   CREATE TABLE %_parent(nodeno INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, parentnode INTEGER)
**   CREATE TABLE %_rowid(rowid INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, nodeno INTEGER, ...)
**
** In both cases, this function checks that there exists an entry with
** IPK value iKey and the second column set to iVal.
**
*/
static void rtreeCheckMapping(
  RtreeCheck *pCheck,             /* RtreeCheck object */
  int bLeaf,                      /* True for a leaf cell, false for interior */
  i64 iKey,                       /* Key for mapping */
  i64 iVal                        /* Expected value for mapping */
){
  int rc;
  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
  const char *azSql[2] = {
    "SELECT parentnode FROM %Q.'%q_parent' WHERE nodeno=?1",
    "SELECT nodeno FROM %Q.'%q_rowid' WHERE rowid=?1"
  };

  assert( bLeaf==0 || bLeaf==1 );
  if( pCheck->aCheckMapping[bLeaf]==0 ){
    pCheck->aCheckMapping[bLeaf] = rtreeCheckPrepare(pCheck,
        azSql[bLeaf], pCheck->zDb, pCheck->zTab
    );

  const char *zDb,                /* Name of db ("main", "temp" etc.) */
  const char *zTab,               /* Name of rtree table to check */
  char **pzReport                 /* OUT: sqlite3_malloc'd report text */
){
  RtreeCheck check;               /* Common context for various routines */
  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;        /* Used to find column count of rtree table */
  int bEnd = 0;                   /* True if transaction should be closed */
  int nAux = 0;                   /* Number of extra columns. */

  /* Initialize the context object */
  memset(&check, 0, sizeof(check));
  check.db = db;
  check.zDb = zDb;
  check.zTab = zTab;

  /* If there is not already an open transaction, open one now. This is
  ** to ensure that the queries run as part of this integrity-check operate
  ** on a consistent snapshot.  */
  if( sqlite3_get_autocommit(db) ){
    check.rc = sqlite3_exec(db, "BEGIN", 0, 0, 0);
    bEnd = 1;
  }

  /* Find the number of auxiliary columns */
  if( check.rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    pStmt = rtreeCheckPrepare(&check, "SELECT * FROM %Q.'%q_rowid'", zDb, zTab);
    if( pStmt ){
      nAux = sqlite3_column_count(pStmt) - 2;
      sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
    }
    check.rc = SQLITE_OK;
  }

  /* Find number of dimensions in the rtree table. */
  pStmt = rtreeCheckPrepare(&check, "SELECT * FROM %Q.%Q", zDb, zTab);
  if( pStmt ){
    int rc;
    check.nDim = (sqlite3_column_count(pStmt) - 1 - nAux) / 2;
    if( check.nDim<1 ){
      rtreeCheckAppendMsg(&check, "Schema corrupt or not an rtree");
    }else if( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
      check.bInt = (sqlite3_column_type(pStmt, 1)==SQLITE_INTEGER);
    }
    rc = sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
    if( rc!=SQLITE_CORRUPT ) check.rc = rc;

        if( p->zRoot ){
          jsonAppendRaw(&x, p->zRoot, (int)strlen(p->zRoot));
        }else{
          jsonAppendChar(&x, '$');
        }
        if( p->eType==JSON_ARRAY ){
          jsonPrintf(30, &x, "[%d]", p->iRowid);
        }else if( p->eType==JSON_OBJECT ){
          jsonPrintf(pThis->n, &x, ".%.*s", pThis->n-2, pThis->u.zJContent+1);
        }
      }
      jsonResult(&x);
      break;
    }
    case JEACH_PATH: {

static void fts5SourceIdFunc(
  sqlite3_context *pCtx,          /* Function call context */
  int nArg,                       /* Number of args */
  sqlite3_value **apUnused        /* Function arguments */
){
  assert( nArg==0 );
  UNUSED_PARAM2(nArg, apUnused);
  sqlite3_result_text(pCtx, "fts5: 2018-05-30 01:14:20 86ee267ee86f5264774a9f215b1158aeaa2d605e77c205731b5ee3945d7de4c2", -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
}

static int fts5Init(sqlite3 *db){
  static const sqlite3_module fts5Mod = {
    /* iVersion      */ 2,
    /* xCreate       */ fts5CreateMethod,
    /* xConnect      */ fts5ConnectMethod,

#endif
  return rc;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_CORE */
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_CORE) || defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_STMTVTAB) */

/************** End of stmt.c ************************************************/
#if __LINE__!=211851
#undef SQLITE_SOURCE_ID
#define SQLITE_SOURCE_ID      "2018-05-30 01:14:20 86ee267ee86f5264774a9f215b1158aeaa2d605e77c205731b5ee3945d7dalt2"
#endif
/* Return the source-id for this library */
SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_sourceid(void){ return SQLITE_SOURCE_ID; }
/************************** End of sqlite3.c ******************************/

**
** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()],
** [sqlite3_libversion_number()], [sqlite3_sourceid()],
** [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
*/
#define SQLITE_VERSION        "3.24.0"
#define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER 3024000
#define SQLITE_SOURCE_ID      "2018-05-30 01:14:20 86ee267ee86f5264774a9f215b1158aeaa2d605e77c205731b5ee3945d7de4c2"

/*
** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers
** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version sqlite3_sourceid
**
** These interfaces provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION],
** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER], and [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macros

#define SQLITE_IOERR_CONVPATH          (SQLITE_IOERR | (26<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_VNODE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (27<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_AUTH              (SQLITE_IOERR | (28<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_BEGIN_ATOMIC      (SQLITE_IOERR | (29<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_COMMIT_ATOMIC     (SQLITE_IOERR | (30<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC   (SQLITE_IOERR | (31<<8))
#define SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE      (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (1<<8))
#define SQLITE_LOCKED_VTAB             (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (2<<8))
#define SQLITE_BUSY_RECOVERY           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (1<<8))
#define SQLITE_BUSY_SNAPSHOT           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (2<<8))
#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_NOTEMPDIR      (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (1<<8))
#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_ISDIR          (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (2<<8))
#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (3<<8))
#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_CONVPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (4<<8))
#define SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB            (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (1<<8))
#define SQLITE_CORRUPT_SEQUENCE        (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (2<<8))
#define SQLITE_READONLY_RECOVERY       (SQLITE_READONLY | (1<<8))
#define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTLOCK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (2<<8))
#define SQLITE_READONLY_ROLLBACK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (3<<8))
#define SQLITE_READONLY_DBMOVED        (SQLITE_READONLY | (4<<8))
#define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTINIT       (SQLITE_READONLY | (5<<8))
#define SQLITE_READONLY_DIRECTORY      (SQLITE_READONLY | (6<<8))
#define SQLITE_ABORT_ROLLBACK          (SQLITE_ABORT | (2<<8))

  int idxFlags;              /* Mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags */
  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.10.0 and later */
  sqlite3_uint64 colUsed;    /* Input: Mask of columns used by statement */
};

/*
** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Scan Flags
**
** Virtual table implementations are allowed to set the 
** [sqlite3_index_info].idxFlags field to some combination of
** these bits.
*/
#define SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE      1     /* Scan visits at most 1 row */

/*
** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Constraint Operator Codes
**
** These macros defined the allowed values for the

typedef struct sqlite3_str sqlite3_str;

/*
** CAPI3REF: Create A New Dynamic String Object
** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_str
**
** ^The [sqlite3_str_new(D)] interface allocates and initializes


** a new [sqlite3_str] object.  To avoid memory leaks, the object returned by
** [sqlite3_str_new()] must be freed by a subsequent call to 
** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)].
**
** ^The [sqlite3_str_new(D)] interface always returns a pointer to a
** valid [sqlite3_str] object, though in the event of an out-of-memory
** error the returned object might be a special singleton that will
** silently reject new text, always return SQLITE_NOMEM from 
** [sqlite3_str_errcode()], always return 0 for 
** [sqlite3_str_length()], and always return NULL from
** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)].  It is always safe to use the value
** returned by [sqlite3_str_new(D)] as the sqlite3_str parameter
** to any of the other [sqlite3_str] methods.
**
** The D parameter to [sqlite3_str_new(D)] may be NULL.  If the
** D parameter in [sqlite3_str_new(D)] is not NULL, then the maximum
** length of the string contained in the [sqlite3_str] object will be
** the value set for [sqlite3_limit](D,[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) instead
** of [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH].
*/

/*
** CAPI3REF: Determine If Virtual Table Column Access Is For UPDATE
**
** If the sqlite3_vtab_nochange(X) routine is called within the [xColumn]
** method of a [virtual table], then it returns true if and only if the
** column is being fetched as part of an UPDATE operation during which the
** column value will not change.  Applications might use this to substitute
** a return value that is less expensive to compute and that the corresponding
** [xUpdate] method understands as a "no-change" value.
**
** If the [xColumn] method calls sqlite3_vtab_nochange() and finds that
** the column is not changed by the UPDATE statement, then the xColumn
** method can optionally return without setting a result, without calling
** any of the [sqlite3_result_int|sqlite3_result_xxxxx() interfaces].
** In that case, [sqlite3_value_nochange(X)] will return true for the
** same column in the [xUpdate] method.
*/
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vtab_nochange(sqlite3_context*);